Nellaiappan, C (2007) Radiological Evaluation of Primary Brain Tumours using Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Masters thesis, Madras Medical College, Chennai.
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Abstract
Brain tumours are among the common neoplasms of humans. Patients tend to concentrate in institutions where diagnostic and the Therapeutic services are available. The incidence of brain tumors is around 4 per 1,00,000 population. Supratentorial brain tumours constitute about 80% of brain tumours in adults and 40% of tumours in paediatric Population. Brain neoplasms are found in 2% of autopsy series and account For 1% of all the hospital admissions. Diagnosis of brain tumours may be delayed as the initial symptoms And signs are vague and nonspecific. The symptoms include headache, Focal seizures and focal neurological deficit, with clinical examination Revealing, raised intracranial tension or focal neurological deficit. Therefore the clinicians rely heavily on imaging for an early and Accurate diagnosis. Significant advance has been made during the last two Decades in radiological diagnosis and characterization of brain neoplasms. The goals of diagnostic imaging in the patient with suspected Intracranial tumor include detection of the presence of a neoplasm, Localization of the extent of the tumor (including definition of involvement Of key structures and assessment of the presence and severity of secondary Changes, e.g., edema, herniation, hemorrhage), and characterization of the Nature of the process.this has been made possible by modern imaging Modalities like ct and mri and refinements of previous technique such as Angiography. In addition stereotactic biopsy under imaging guidance Permits histological diagnosis of brain neoplasm. Both CT and MRI Provide Excellent Anatomic details and Information regarding the presence, location and extent of brain tumours. COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY: Ct has the capacity to differentiate a wide range of tissue types Including air, fat, soft tissue and bone with superior spatial resolution. The Use of iodinated contrast agents allow better delineation of vascular Anatomy and pathological entities, and can differentiate enhancing lesion From surrounding reactive change. CT is highly sensitive to calcification and Blood within the brain parenchyma. CT is preferred for the uncooperative And unstable patients, because each axial image is obtained separately. Thus, motion artifact is minimized, particularly in later generation scanners Which can perform individual scans in less than 2 seconds. CT characterization provides a better insight to the nature of lesion And its effect on the adjacent structures. It also provides a road map for the Neurosurgeon regarding the approach, likely duration of surgery, Requirements for anaesthesia etc. Upgradation in recent ct technologies like helical mode helps in 3 Dimensional visualization of the neoplasm. Wider experience in ct and familiarity of the lesions in ct favor ct As an important and appropriate investigation tool. Magnetic Resonance Imaging : MRI has rapidly earned recognition as the optimal screening Technique for the detection of most intracranial neoplasms. Compared with CT, MRI using spin echo, gradient echo, and combination spin and gradient Echo pulsing sequences before and after intravenous (iv) administration of Paramagnetic contrast agents provides inherently greater contrast resolution Between structural abnormalities and adjacent brain parenchyma and has Proved to be even more sensitive in the detection of focal lesions of the Brain. Early experience suggested that upto 30% more focal intracranial Lesions could be identified on MRI than on CT.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Radiological Evaluation ; Primary Brain Tumours ; Computed Tomography ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging. |
| Subjects: | MEDICAL > Radio Diagnosis |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Jun 2017 07:58 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Jun 2017 07:58 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/727 |
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