Nishanthi, G (2021) Design, Development and Characterization of Annona Squamosa L. Leaf Extract Transdermal Patch for Anti-Diabetic Activity. Masters thesis, R.V.S. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Coimbatore.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
Main objective of this study was to formulate 3 different polymer batches ASTP 1 to ASTP 12 of ethanolic extract of Annona squamosa transdermal patches by Solvent Casting Technique using Xanthan gum, Pectin and Sodium alginate respectively as polymer to release the drug in a controlled manner for Anti diabetic activity. UV-Visible spectra gave the maximum absorption peak at 662 nm. Phytochemical evaluation is carried out for the Annona squamosa L. extract. It showed the presence of Carbohydrates, Tannins, Flavonoid, Alkaloid, Anthocyanin and Betacyanin, Quinones, Glycosides and Phenols. The FTIR graphs of extract, polymers and physical mixture showed that there is no extra peak or broadening of peaks were observed and thus it indicates that the extract is compatible with the selected polymers. All the batches were evaluated for Uniformity of weight, Thickness, Percentage Drug content, Folding Endurance, Percentage Moisture uptake, Percentage Moisture content, Flatness, and Surface pH. The physicochemical evaluation of ethanolic extract of Annona squamosa L. using various polymers as Xanthan gum, Pectin and Sodium alginate were evaluated. Uniformity of weight of Annona squamosa L. Transdermal patch using Xanthan gum as polymer were found to be ASTP-1 (0.39±0.13g), ASTP-2 (0.41±0.65g), ASTP-3 (0.43±0.18g) and ASTP-4 (0.44±0.1g). Uniformity of weight of Annona squamosa L. Transdermal patch using Pectin as polymer were found to be ASTP-5 (0.39±0.13g), ASTP-6 (0.41±0.65g), ASTP-7 (0.43±0.18g) and ASTP-8 (0.44±0.1g). Uniformity of weight of Annona squamosa L. Transdermal patch using Sodium alginate as polymer were found to be ASTP-9 (0.38±0.13g), ASTP-10 (0.41±0.65g), ASTP-11 (0.43±0.18g) and ASTP-12 (0.44±0.65g). Thickness of all patches using Xanthan gum as polymer were found to be 0.42mm(ASTP-1), 0.44mm (ASTP-2), 0.47mm (ASTP-3) and 0.48mm (ASTP-4). Thickness of Annona squamosa L. Transdermal patch using Pectin as polymer were found to be 0.41mm (ASTP-5), 0.44mm (ASTP-6), 0.46mm (ASTP-7) and 0.49mm (ASTP-8). Thickness of Annona squamosa L. Transdermal patch using Sodium alginate as polymer were found to be 0.42mm (ASTP-9), 0.44mm (ASTP-10), 0.45mm (ASTP-11) and 0.46mm (ASTP-12). All the formulations exhibited uniform weight and thickness. This indicates that the polymeric solution of the drug is well dispersed in patches. The drug content for the formulation containing Xanthan gum as polymer was found to be 97.02% (ASTP-1), 98.51% (ASTP-2), 98.32% (ASTP-3) and 99.53% (ASTP-4). The formulation containing Pectin as polymer results drug content as 97.69% (ASTP-5), 97.81% (ASTP-6), 98.12% (ASTP-7) and 99.69% (ASTP-8). The drug content for the formulation containing Sodium alginate as polymer results as 97.02% (ASTP-9), 97.51% (ASTP-10), 98.32% (ASTP-11) and 99.35% (ASTP-12). Good uniformity of drug content was observed in all the patches Folding endurance results for the patches containing Xanthan gum as polymer were found to be 12 no’s (ASTP-1), 15 no’s (ASTP-2), 16 no’s (ASTP-3), 17 no’s (ASTP-4). Patch containing Pectin as polymer result folding endurance with 13 no’s (ASTP-5), 16 no’s (ASTP-6), 18 no’s (ASTP-7), 19 no’s (ASTP-8) and the patch with Sodium alginate as polymer result 12 no’s (ASTP-9), 15 no’s (ASTP-10), 17 no’s (ASTP-11) and 18 no’s (ASTP-12). The above folding endurance result that the all batches of transdermal patch would not break and would maintain their skin integrity with general skin folding when applied. The moisture uptake of the formulation with Xanthan gum as polymer was found to be 4.72% (ASTP-1), 4.88% (ASTP-2), 4.91% (ASTP-3), and 4.93% (ASTP-4). For the formulation using pectin the moisture uptake was found to be 4.73% (ASTP-5), 4.78% (ASTP-6), 4.88% (ASTP-7) and 4.94% (ASTP-8). Moisture uptake for the formulation containing Sodium alginate as polymer was found to be 4.82% (ASTP-9), 4.88% (ASTP-10), 4.90% (ASTP-11) and 4.92% (ASTP-12). The above result indicates that the prepared transdermal patches which could protect the formulations from microbial contamination and reduce bulkiness. The moisture content of the formulation with Xanthan gum as polymer was found to be 3.49% (ASTP-1), 3.51% (ASTP-2), 3.52% (ASTP-3), and 3.56% (ASTP-4). For the formulation using pectin the moisture content was found to be 3.45% (ASTP-5), 3.49% (ASTP-6), 3.52% (ASTP-7) and 3.59% (ASTP-8). Moisture content for the formulation containing Sodium alginate as polymer was found to be 3.49% (ASTP-9), 3.51% (ASTP-10), 3.59% (ASTP-11) and 3.62% (ASTP-12) Small moisture loss in formulation helps them to remain stable and being completely dried and brittle film. Percentage flatness was 100 for all batches of transdermal patch which indicates that the physical integrity of the patches was excellent and folding endurance reveals very good flexibility of patches. The surface pH of the formulation ASTP 1 to 12 was found to be 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.0, 7.3, 7.1, 7.4, 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, and 7.3 respectively. The cumulative percentage drug release study of the prepared Annona squamosa Transdermal patches using Xanthan gum as polymer result ASTP-1 (98.6%), ASTP-2 (97.6%), ASTP-3 (95.11%), and ASTP-4 (93.2%). Formulation using Pectin as polymer result ASTP-5 (98.40%), ASTP-6 (96.32%), ASTP-7 (94.31%), ASTP-8 (92.15%) and the formulation using Sodium alginate as polymer was found to beASTP-9 (98.6%), ASTP-10 (96.32%), ASTP-11 (94.31%) and ASTP-12 (93.15%). ASTP 8 is selected as an optimized formulation by the evaluation parameters and in-vitro diffusion release, showed 92.15% at the end of 24 Hours. So, in accordance with the physicochemical evaluation and in- vitro release studies, the formulation using pectin as polymer ASTP-8 may be concluded as optimized formulation for effective drug delivery. This method was simple and cost effective. Formulation with Pectin (ASTP-8) was better than the formulation with Xanthan gum and Sodium alginate. Hence, the formulation with ASTP-8 was selected for further evaluation of Drug release Kinetics studies and Stability studies. ASTP-8 follows zero order kinetics and also follows Higuchi’s and Korsmeyer - Peppas model as release mechanism. The stability study results showed that there is no significant change from its initial nature till the period of three months. The present study has achieved the objectives of formulation of transdermal patch using Ethanolic extract of Annona squamosa L. by using Pectin as polymer.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | 261910760 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Design, Development, Characterization, Annona Squamosa L. Leaf Extract, Transdermal Patch, Anti-Diabetic Activity. |
| Subjects: | PHARMACY > Pharmaceutics |
| Depositing User: | Ramakrishnan J |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Aug 2022 09:49 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Aug 2022 09:49 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/20746 |
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