Clinical Spectrum and Pulmonary Manifestations of Patients with Anti U1RNP Antibody Status.

Thilagavathi, N (2014) Clinical Spectrum and Pulmonary Manifestations of Patients with Anti U1RNP Antibody Status. Masters thesis, Madras Medical College, Chennai.

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION : Overlap syndrome is defined in a patient when a combination of more than one major feature of connective tissue disease is present with a specific serological test1. The common symptoms of overlap syndrome include sclerodactyly, arthritis and Raynaud’s phenomenon. A distinguishable feature in patients with autoimmune disease is the presence of non organ specific auto antibodies to RNA, DNA and to proteins that bind them. For MCTD the well known serological marker is anti U1RNP antibody. The ribonuclear proteins are auto antigens located on small nuclear RNP particles. They are uridine rich. The major action is splicing of pre messenger RNA. Anti U1RNP is associated with features of scleroderma, including Raynaud’s phenomenon. There has been a close association of anti U1RNP antibody with pulmonary fibrosis and negative correlation with renal involvement. MCTD, although an overlap syndrome, does not have any distinctive clinical feature. The components of MCTD (systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus and idiopathic inflammatory myositis) do not occur simultaneously but consecutively over years. Raynaud’s phenomenon occurs in almost all patients with MCTD. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES : 1. To correlate anti U1RNP antibody with the clinical spectrum of Mixed connective tissue disease (according to Kasukawa’s criteria) and Overlap Syndrome. 2. To analyse the association of anti U1RNP antibody with the pulmonary manifestations among Mixed connective tissue disease and Overlap Syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS : All patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria were chosen and a detailed history was obtained and complete clinical examination was done. All the enrolled patients were subjected to laboratory investigations (haemogram, biochemical parameters and urine routine), Electrocardiogram, Echocardiography, Ultrasonogram, Upper gastrointestinalscopy and Immunological investigations (C-reactive protein, Rheumatoid factor, anti nuclear antibody and ANA profile 3). Chest x-ray, high resolution computerised tomogram of the chest and pulmonary function tests were done to asses pulmonary involvement of the cases under study. ANA profile 3 was done using Immunoblot method. Inclusion Criteria: Patients with clinical features suggestive of overlap syndrome (systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis and myositis) and mixed connective tissue disease were included. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Patients with well defined isolated connective tissue diseases like Rheumatoid arthritis, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Systemic sclerosis, Idiopathic inflammatory myositis, Sjogren’s syndrome. 2. Children below 16 yrs. Descriptive statistical analysis has been carried out in the present study. Results on continuous measurements are presented on Mean SD and results on categorical measurements are presented in percentage. Chi-square test has been used to find the significance of study parameters on categorical scale between two groups. All analyses were two tailed and p<0.05 was considered significant. SPSS version 16.0 was used for data analysis. RESULTS : Most number of patients are between second and third decade. Proportion of females with overlap syndrome/mixed connective tissue disease was higher and the ratio of females to males was 20.3:1. Percentage of anti U1RNP antibody positivity was 79.1% and 20.9% of patients were found to be negative for anti U1RNP. Mixed connective tissue disease - 58.14% (n=25), Systemic sclerosis/myositis - 25.58% (n=11), Systemic sclerosis/SLE - 11.66% (n=5), SLE/myositis - 4.66% (n=2). 50% of patients with Overlap Syndrome are positive for anti U1RNP antibody. ILD is more common among MCTD patients compared to Overlap syndrome. The prevalence of PHT is almost equal in both the groups. Raynaud’s phenomenon, the commonest and renal involvement, the least common manifestation in MCTD patients. Arthritis is the commonest feature and renal manifestations scored the least, among Overlap Syndrome group. Proportion of arthritis is higher in anti U1RNP positive group compared to anti U1RNP negative group (91.2% Vs 77.8%) though statistically insignificant (p value>0.05). CONCLUSION : Mixed connective tissue disease and Overlap Syndrome is more common among females. Second and third decades are the susceptible age group for MCTD and Overlap Syndrome. Arthritis is the most prevalent symptom among the anti U1RNP antibody positive Overlap Syndrome group. Raynaud’s phenomenon is the most common clinical feature of MCTD. Statistically significant association was found between Raynaud’s phenomenon and anti U1RNP antibody positivity (p value <0.05). Puffy hands, sclerodactyly and myositis are proportionately higher in anti U1RNP antibody positive group of MCTD and Overlap Syndrome (statistically not significant p value>0.05). Interstitial lung disease is more common among anti U1RNP antibody positive patients in both MCTD and Overlap Syndrome (statistically not significant p value>0.05). Renal manifestations are uncommon in both MCTD and Overlap Syndrome patients. Renal involvement and PHT had no association with the presence of anti U1RNP antibody.

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Clinical Spectrum ; Pulmonary Manifestations ; Patients ; Anti U1RNP Antibody Status.
Subjects: MEDICAL > Rheumatology
Depositing User: Subramani R
Date Deposited: 16 Aug 2017 00:43
Last Modified: 16 Aug 2017 04:53
URI: http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/1807

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