Vinothan, V R (2022) A Study on Evaluation of Hearing in High Risk Infants using DPOAE and AABR. Masters thesis, Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Congenital hearing loss arises when the ear's ability to transfer the vibratory mechanical wave of sound into electrical energy in the form of nerve impulses is hindered. Sensorineural hearing loss occurs when parts of the auditory nerve or the central auditory pathway are damaged. Conductive hearing loss occurs when the outer or middle ear is compromised. Conductive and sensorineural hearing loss are both included in the term "mixed hearing loss". Hearing loss due to conductive causes occurs when sound waves can't travel through the ear properly due to problems with the middle ear, the external ear, or both. Hearing loss caused by damage to the hair cells in the inner ear is classified as sensory hearing loss, while those caused by damage to the central auditory pathway are classified as central hearing loss. Disorders of the Auditory Nervous System. Acoustic Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder encompasses a wide variety of clinical diseases marked by otoacoustic emissions and a cochlear microphonic in conjunction with aberrant or absent auditory brainstem responses, which leads in impaired speech discrimination. As a result of an inner hair cell lesion, Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder could be induced by damage to neuronal networks of an intervening synapse in the auditory nerve. AIM OF THE STUDY: To study the prevalence and severity of hearing impairment among the high risk infants using DPOAE and AABR in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Chennai. OBJECTIVES: 1. To assess the hearing impairment of all high risk infants using DPOAE and AABR. 2. Hearing impairment if present – Early referral of hearing impaired children for rehabilitative measures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: STUDY DESIGN: Cross sectional study. SAMPLE SIZE CALCULATION: From the previous study, the prevalence of hearing loss detected by OAE among the high-risk infant was 6% Considering 6% as prevalence, assuming 95% confidence with 5% allowable error, the sample size is calculated by the formula N= 4pq/E2 where p is prevalence, q is 1-p, and E is allowable error of P. To account for non-response rate (about 10%) were added to the sample size 90+9= 99.5. Thus, a total of 100 participants will be included in the study. SAMPLING METHOD: Simple random sampling without replacement will be done to achieve the estimated sample size within the study duration. PLACE OF STUDY: Government Kilpauk medical college and hospital, Chennai- 600 010. DURATION OF STUDY: One Year. INCLUSION CRITERIA: ▪ Infants with atleast one of the following high-risk factor will be taken into the study. ▪ High risk criteria. ▪ Parental or caregiver concern regarding hearing, speech, language, and/or developmental delay. ▪ Family history of congenital or delayed onset childhood sensorineural hearing loss. ▪ Maternal infections-toxoplasmosis, syphilis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes Craniofacial abnormalities. ▪ Birth weight < 1500g. ▪ Hyperbilirubinaemia at a level exceeding indication for exchange transfusion. ▪ Ototoxic drugs (aminoglycosides) during NICU / PUCU admission. ▪ Bacterial meningitis. ▪ Severe respiratory depression at birth (birth asphyxia) ▪ Stigmata or other findings associated with a syndrome known to include ▪ Sensorineural hearing loss (e.g. Waardenburgs or Ushers syndromes) EXCLUSION CRITERIA: ▪ High risk infants whose parents do not give consent. ▪ Infants on ventilator who are severely ill. CONCLUSION: • In this study of 100 babies were screened, 4 babies (4.0%) had hearing impairment. ❖ Of the 12 risk factors screened, severe birth asphyxia, family history of hearing loss seem to be associated with hearing impairment. ❖ 13.46% (7 out of 52) of babies with severe birth asphyxia and 100% (2 out of 2) of babies with family history of hearing loss had hearing impairment. ❖ Meningitis, hyperbilirubinemia, ventilated babies, and those who received ototoxic drugs did not show any hearing impairment, which is most likely due to early and effective treatment. ❖ It is for this reason that early detection and intervention will help deaf and hard of hearing kids develop language skills during the critical period of neural plasticity, preventing them from being cast into a socially isolated existence and an educational future full of misery.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Additional Information: | 220420102004 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Hearing, High Risk Infants, Distortion Product OtoAcoustic Emission (DPOAE), Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (AABR). |
| Subjects: | MEDICAL > Otolaryngology > MEDICAL > Otolaryngology |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 10 May 2021 16:26 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Dec 2023 10:56 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/16386 |
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