Maheswari, C (2014) Pharmacological Screening of Hepato and Nephro Protective Activity of the Leaves of Orthosiphon Stamineus and Coccinia Grandis Leaves in Male Wistar Rat. Doctoral thesis, The Tamilnadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai.
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Abstract
Research is a process of enquiry and investigation; it is systematic, methodical and ethical; research can help solve practical problems. “All that man needs for health and healing has been provided by god in nature, the challenge of science is to find it” “The doctor of the future will no longer treat the human frame with drugs, but rather will Cure and prevent disease with nutrition” - Thomas Edison. The world's disease profile is changing, and chronic diseases now account for the majority of global morbidity and mortality, rather than infectious diseases. During the 20th century, infectious diseases were the major cause of death and disability. However in this century, non communicable, non infectious chronic diseases such as hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity have become the major cause of mortality and morbidity around the world. The kidneys and the liver are responsible for important functions of the body. The kidneys work to maintain water and electrolyte balance, regulate the concentration of the acid base balance and to filter waste from the blood for excretion into the urine. The liver secretes bile, helps with the production of certain blood proteins and assists in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Many chemicals, foods, drugs and infections can cause variety of liver and kidney diseases. Based on the extensive medicinal claims of Orthosiphon stamineus and Coccinia grandis the aim and objectives of the present study is designed to evaluate the Pharmacological screening of Hepato and Nephroprotective activity of Orthosiphon stamineus and Coccinia grandis leaves in male wistar rats. The main objectives of the present study were • To confirm the authenticity and collection of the plant species. • To identify the various phytochemical constituents of methanol extracts of leaves of Orthosiphon stamineus and Coccinia grandis. • To select therapeutically active extract by in-vitro pharmacological studies. • To carryout the Thin Layer Chromatography of methanol extracts of Orthosiphon stamineus and Coccinia grandis. • To carryout the High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography of methanol extracts of Orthosiphon stamineus and Coccinia grandis. • To screen the Nephroprotective (acute and chronic renal failure) activity of the methanol extracts of leaves of Orthosiphon stamineus and Coccinia grandis in wistar rats. • To screen the Hepatoprotective (acute and chronic liver failure) activity of the methanol extracts of leaves of Orthosiphon stamineus and Coccinia grandis in wistar rats. • To carryout the column chromatography of the methanol extracts of leaves of Orthosiphon stamineus and Coccinia grandis. • To screen the Nephroprotective (acute and chronic renal failure) activity of the fractions obtained from the methanol extracts of leaves of Orthosiphon stamineus and Coccinia grandis in wistar rats. • To screen the Hepatoprotective (acute and chronic liver failure) activity of the fractions obtained from the methanol extracts of leaves of Orthosiphon stamineus and Coccinia grandis in wistar rats. • To carryout the docking study for Hepato and Nephroprotective activities of compounds present in the leaves of Orthosiphon stamineus and Coccinia grandis to confirm the therapeutic effect of these plants. • To carryout the isolation and characterization of methanol fractions of Orthosiphon stamineus and Coccinia grandis with maximum activity based on the pharmacological screening of Hepato and Nephroprotective activity. The thesis entitled “Pharmacological screening of Hepato and Nephroprotective activity of Orthosiphon stamineus and Coccinia grandis leaves in male wistar rats” deals with phytochemical and pharmacological investigation of traditionally used medicinal plants. A perusal of the literature revealed that only fragmentary information was available on these plant species regarding pharmacological activity by any other researchers. Plants are becoming potential source for phytoconstituents with varied pharmacological activities. Identification of such plants of potential use in medicine is of significance. Cells in humans and other organisms are constantly exposed to a variety of oxidizing agents, some of which are necessary for life. In the status of normal metabolism, levels of oxidants and antioxidants in humans are maintained in balance, which is important for sustaining optimal physiological conditions. Overproduction of oxidants in certain conditions can cause an imbalance, leading to oxidative damage to large biomolecules such as lipids, DNA, and proteins. Many synthetic drugs protect against oxidative damage but they have adverse side effects. Recently, there has been a considerable interest in finding natural antioxidants from plant materials to replace synthetic ones. Natural antioxidant substances are presumed to be safe since they occur in plant foods, and are seen as more desirable than their synthetic counterparts. Data from both scientific reports and laboratory studies show that plants contain a large variety of substances called ‘‘plant chemicals’’ or ‘‘phytochemicals’’ that possess antioxidant activity Since, secondary metabolites are responsible for biological activity, this study would be the leading path way of information for selection of the extract for pharmacological activity and isolation of constituents responsible for the activity. The mechanisms of synergistic actions of herbal ingredients can be explored for designing new multi-target drugs and drug combinations and for discovering potent drug combinations that are individually sub therapeutic but efficacious in combination. These synergistic properties are unique to phytotherapy and it gives both to efficacy and safety. A plant extract is more than the isolated constituents out of it and it can substantiate the perception that herbal medicinal products have something special to offer, at least a scientifically based explanation for the clinical bioequivalence of many plant extracts with synthetic drugs at the same therapeutic indications with better therapeutic benefits. In my research I found the effective herb-herb combination therapy for both acute and chronic conditions of kidney and liver failure. Orthosiphon stamineus and Coccinia grandis herb-herb combination therapy (1:1) exhibited stongest nephroprotective and hepatoprotective activity especially for treating the following acute and chronic conditions such as Kidney diseases: 1) Renal Tubulopathy, 2) Renal Ischemia, 3) Renal tubular acidosis, 4) Renal Interstitial Fibrosis, 5) Diabetic nephropathy, 6) Glomerulosclerosis, Liver diseases: 1) Cirrhosis, 2) Hepatitis, 3) Fibrosis, 4) Steatosis.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Pharmacological Screening, Hepato, Nephro Protective Activity, Leaves of Orthosiphon Stamineus, Coccinia Grandis Leaves, Male Wistar Rat. |
| Subjects: | PHARMACY > Pharmaceutical Chemistry |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Jun 2017 07:42 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Oct 2022 03:47 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/83 |
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