Devaki, R (2017) Preclinical Evaluation of Siddha Poly-herbal Formulation Ashuwathi Chooranam for its Naturally Curing PCOS. Masters thesis, Government Siddha Medical College, Chennai.
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Abstract
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy seen in women of reproductive age. Though it is a reproductive disorder, it is associated with characteristics of metabolic syndrome including insulin resistance. Current available mode of treatment is by use of insulin sensitizers like metformin and ovulating agents like clomiphene citrate But, these drugs have been reported for their side effects upon prolonged usage. Hence, researchers in current era are exploring alternative therapy to manage the metabolic syndrome. In this context, many scientists have demonstrated the role of medicinal plants in the management of hyperglycemic condition. It has gained its popularity as anti- hyperglycemic plant, wherein its phytosterols and polyphenols have been studied extensively for the above efficacy. Thereby, it would be of interest to biopropsect Ashuwathi chooranam for management of metabolic induced anovulatory disorder like PCOS. In this context, current work has elucidated the potentiality of Ashuwathi chooranam (AC). To study the efficacy of AC, Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) rat model was developed with use of letrozole (0.5 mg/kg/body weight/21 days/orally) - a non- steroidal aromatase inhibitor in estrus cycle. Thus, letrozole induced PCOS rat model demonstrated key features of PCOS phenotype. Further, PCOS rat model was treated with Ashuwathi Chooranam formulation in various dose doses (100 mg, 200mg) at different time points (30 day). After completion of experiment regime, various biochemical parameters were checked to evaluate the efficacy of Ashuwathi chooranam Apart from the phytochemical analysis, “Ex vivo” experiments were performed with partially purified fraction to evaluate direct effect of phyto- components on ovarian steroidogenic enzymes activities using PCOS model. Further, the detailed chromatographic analysis- TLC, HPTLC, and HPLC of demonstrated the presence of various phytosterols. In current study, treatment with both Ashuwathi chooranam (AC) formulation with higher dose (100mg, 200 mg) at longer period of time (30days) demonstrated more significant effect and it restored glucose sensitivity and normal insulin level. Along with the above changes, ovarian structure-function (in terms of hormone levels and presence of developing follicles) was seen upon the AC treatment. This could be attributed to the nutritionally rich phytosterols and phyto- phenols present in the plant, that helps to sensitize the insulin receptors for the glucose uptake. Ashuwathi chooranam phyto-components independently could cause a modulation in PCO phenotype. All the treatments did not affect toxicity parameters, thus suggesting AC treatment was safe and it contributes its maximum efficacy on reproductive organs. Current study demonstrated altered in utero environment like decrease in progesterone with increased testosterone levels may result in failure of implantation and prenatal defects, which is implicated in PCOS phenotype as justified by other studies. In context of above observed physiological modulations, it was of interest to elucidate detailed phytochemistry of AC and to isolate, identify the active component responsible for mentioned efficacies. In this regard, both qualitative and quantitative analysis confirmed the presence of phyto-components namely polysaccharides, alkaloids, polyphenols, sterols, flavonoids, etc., which is similar to data reported by. Several data has suggested that phytosterols and polyphenols can have a role in modulation of steroid status. Thus, this current analysis authenticates that Ashuwathi chooranam has impressive ovulogenic activity over PCOS (Soothaga vayu) in female, which exemplifies the intelligence of the Siddha literature to reach globally for the welfare of mankind. CONCLUSION: The present dissertation is to validate the safety and efficacy of the Siddha poly- herbal formulation Ashuwathi chooranam for its naturally curing polycystic ovarian syndrome (Soothaga vaayu) in female Wistar albino rat based on the classical Siddha literature “Agathiyar vathiyta kaaviyam 1500”. The ingredients of the test drug are Amukkura (Withania somnifera),Chukku (Zingiber officinale (dried ginger), Milagu Piper nigram, Thippili (Piper longum), Jaadhikaai (Myristica fragrans), Jaadhipathiri (Myristica fragrans), Adhimadhuram (Glycirriza glabra), Krambu (Syzygium aromaticum), Kadugurohini (Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora), Krosaniomam,(Hyoscymus niger). The drugs were identified and authenticated by the experts of Gunapadam (Pharmacology), Government Siddha Medical College. The drugs were purified and processed as per literature. The fine particles in it enhance the curative potential with shelf life of three months. The trial drug Ashuwathi chooranam is indicated for Soothaga vayu, which is related to the modern terminology PCOS. To validate the traditional usage, the drug was subjected to literary review, Physico-chemical and elemental analysis, Acute and Sub- acute toxicity study, Anti-microbial load and Pharmacological studies ovulogenic activity, estimation of hormones FSH, LH, Progesterone, Estrodial and antioxidant activity for its naturally curing property for Polycystic ovarian syndrome. The anti-microbial load shown effective control that at medium and high doses against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherchia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. FTIR revealed the presence of functional groups aliphatic bromo compounds, nitro group, ketones, carbonyl group, phenols and alcohols. Phenolic group of compounds exert antioxidant activity, they are responsible for chemo-preventive properties like anti carcinogenic, antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory activity, apoptosis inducing and regulates carcinogen metabolism. SEM revealed the presence of particles of size in which 3µm, 10µm particles have valuable properties that can be used to improve drug delivery. Where larger particles would have been unfurnished from the body, cells take up these nanoparticles because of their size. In the pharmacological studies, Letrozole induced PCOS rats model treated with two different forms of Ashuwathi chooranam formulation in various doses (100 mg, 200 mg ) and time (30 days) dependent manner suggested maximum effect that reduced PCO like phenotype such as decreased in peripheral cysts with growing follicles, decreased glucose intolerance. Present study also elucidated that Ashuwathi chooranam formulation exhibiting effect in PCO phenotype that indicates natural preservatives. Ashuwathi chooranam has a good efficacy for management of PCOS phenotype. Ashuwathi chooranam is rich in various phyto-components that were analysed by several qualitative and quantitative analyses. Further, confirmation for the presence of Phytosterols like sterols, β- sitosterol etc along with steroid derivatives has been performed by TLC, HPTLC. The certain compounds in Ashuwathi chooranam suppresses the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone through inhibition of P450 cytochrome activity, thus reducing testosterone production. The modulation could be due to effect of phytosterols acting at all organ levels hyperinsulinemic condition leading to restoration of ovarian function in PCO rodent model. This proves phytosterols could be novel component which can be explored for management of PCOS. Through the elaborate study Ashuwathi chooranam had shown its sphere of action over the female reproductive system especially over the ovaries in the condition called PCOS.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | (Reg No : 321412102) |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Preclinical Evaluation ; Siddha Poly-herbal Formulation ; Ashuwathi Chooranam ; Naturally Curing ; Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome |
| Subjects: | AYUSH > Gunapadam |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Oct 2018 13:40 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Oct 2018 13:40 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/9636 |
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