Shanmuga Priya, S (2016) Evaluation of Effect of Red Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma Lucidum) on Serotonin Induced Carcinoid Heart Disease in Rats. Masters thesis, College of Pharmacy, Madras Medical College, Chennai.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION:Carcinoid heart disease in human is a rare condition that occurs as a part of carcinoid syndrome, a systemic disorder mediated by elevated circulating levels of vasoactive substances, including serotonin, histamine, bradykinin, tachykinins produced by a rare metastatic neuroendocrine malignancy carcinoid. Carcinoid syndrome is characterized by a triad of symptoms such as flushing, diarrhoea and bronchospasm that occur in association with hepatic metastases. High level of vasoactive substance, particularly 5 HT in the right side of the heart causes progressive fibrotic endocardial plaque. Features of thickened immobile tricuspid and pulmonary valves with stenosis and regurgitant lesions are highly suggestive of carcinoid heart disease. It manifests as right heart failure. Elevation of urinary 5 Hydroxy Indole Acetic Acid (5 – HIAA) levels is highly specific and moderately sensitive for diagnosis of carcinoid syndrome and it is confirmed by echocardiography and cardiac MRI1. Serotonergic drugs cause valvular fibrosis similar to that seen in patients with carcinoid heart disease.AIM & OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the antioxidant effect of red reishi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) by in vitro methods. To evaluate the inhibitory effect of Ganoderma lucidum on serotonin induced carcinoid heart disease in rats.DISCUSSION:Carcinoid heart disease occurs in over 65% of patients with the carcinoid syndrome and is characterized by thickening of cardiac valves, leading to heart failure. Serotonin plays a major role in the development of carcinoid heart disease32. Serotonin induces oxidative stress in human heart by means of increased reactive oxygen species especially superoxide (O2 .). ROS appears to participate in serotonin induced mitogenesis in carcinoid heart disease. Antioxidants have been found to prevent the mitogenic effects of serotonin28. Ganoderma lucidum is a traditional Chinese medicine, which consists of triterpenes called ganoderic acids, polysaccharides, mannitol, canthaxanthin, lanostan and alkaloids. Sterols isolated from the mushroom include, ganoderol, ganoderenic acid20. It has been known to have numerous pharmacological effects including immune modulating, anti-inflammatory, anti cancer , anti diabetic effect. It inhibits mitogen protein kinase enzyme, increases anti- oxidative enzyme activity and exhibits direct free radical scavenging activity. Reishi mushroom prevents the cardiotoxicity by its antioxidant effect. Hence this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Ganoderma lucidum on inhibiting serotonin induced carcinoid heart disease by its antioxidant property16,19. In vitro antioxidant activity was carried out Super oxide radical scavenging assay method, Hydroxyl radical scavenging assay method, Nitric oxide method and Phosphomolybdenum assay method. It was observed that as the concentration increases, the % scavenging also increases linearly for ganoderma lucidum and standard preparation.CONCLUSION:The antioxidant property of ganoderma lucidum was confirmed by in vitro studies namely Super oxide radical scavenging assay method, Hydroxyl radical scavenging assay method, Nitric oxide method, Phosphomolybdenum assay method. Ganoderma lucidum inhibited effects of serotonin induced carcinoid heart disease probably by reducing oxidative damage by scavenging free radicals in the cells.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Additional Information: | Reg.No: 261426068 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Red Reishi Mushroom ; Ganoderma Lucidum ; Serotonin Induced Carcinoid Heart Disease ; Rats. |
| Subjects: | PHARMACY > Pharmacology |
| Depositing User: | Ravindran C |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Mar 2018 06:29 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Mar 2018 09:49 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/6402 |
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