Keerthi Kanimozhi, K (2017) Evaluation of Anti-Arthritic Activity of The Ethanolic Extract of Mimosa Pudica Linn. in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant Induced Arthritis in Wistar Rats. Masters thesis, C.L.Baid Metha College of Pharmacy, Chennai.
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Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory, autoimmune disorder which destroys it‟s own immune system. The immunologically mediated Complete Freund‟s adjuvant induced arthritic model of chronic inflammation is considered as the best available experimental model of rheumatoid arthritis[70].Complete Freund‟s adjuvant-induced arthritis is a model of chronic polyarthritis with features that resemble rheumatoid arthritis. In Complete freund‟s adjuvant-induced arthritis model, rats developed a chronic swelling in multiple joints with influence of inflammatory cells, erosion of joint cartilage and bone destruction and remodeling which have close similarities to human rheumatoid disease. These inflammatory changes ultimately result in the complete destruction of joint integrity and functions in the affected animal. Also, the Complete Freund‟s adjuvant administered rats showed soft tissue swelling around the ankle joints during the development of arthritis, which was considered as edema of the particular tissues. Paw swelling is an index of measuring the anti-arthritic activity of Mimosa pudica Linn.at the dose level 200&400 mg/kg, p.o. Mimosa pudica administered groups showed marked reduction in paw volume when compared with the Negative control group (Group II). It was also found that there was significant weight loss when compared to standard[71]. The result of the present study also indicates that there is a close relationship between the extent of inflammation, loss of body weight and arthritic index. The arthritic scoring was done on the basis of visual observation where it can be seen that there is a marked reduction in the swelling and joint damage of the drug treated groups[72]. It was also noted that the high dose Mimosa pudica Linn. Extract proved its efficacy to reduce the inflammation of the paws. The locomotor activity of the animals were improved in Group 5 animals(HDMP) when compared to the standard animals. Assessment of the levels of serum parameters provides an excellent and simple tool to measure the anti-arthritic activity of the target drug. The total protein such as albumin and globulin was comparatively equal in all the three groups such as control, plant extract and standard[73]. TheC-Reactive protein levels of the plant extract and standard was marginally equal but higher than the control values. Rheumatoid factors are proteins produced by our immune system that can attack our own healthy cells of the body. When the levels rise, it might relate to some form of auto immune diseases. The Rf value of the high dose plant extract was excellent when compared to that standard. Histopathology provides a noticeable morphological distinctiveness as a practical and unambiguous pathognomonic sign of Rheumatoid arthritis. The histopathological analysis identified the ability of the bones to re-form upon treatment with Mimosa pudica Linn. Bone structures re-calcified upon treatment with the Mimosa pudica Linn.dose dependently. The high dose of the plant extract exhibited good therapeutic potential from the study results and is therefore consistent with earlier findings that the ability of a drug to suppress inflammation, synovitis and protect a joint is desired in rheumatoid arthritis therapy. Radiographic changes in Rheumatoid arthritis conditions are useful diagnostic measures which indicate the severity of the disease. Soft tissue swelling is the earlier radiographic sign, whereas prominent radiographic changes like bony erosions and narrowing of joint spaces can be observed only in the developed stages (final stages) of arthritis[74]. The radiographic features of the rat joints in adjuvant induced arthritic model are shown in Picture 3. In Freund‟s adjuvant induced arthritic rat (group II), soft tissue swelling along with narrowing of the joint spaces was severe which implies the bony destruction in arthritic condition. The standard drug Methotrexate (0.75 mg/kg) treated groups have prevented this bony destruction and also there is moderate swelling of the joint. Similarly, according to histopathological studies, extracts of Mimosa pudica Linn.have shown significant prevention against bony destruction by showing less soft tissue swelling and narrowing of joint spaces in the 40 days of treatment when compared with Complete Freund‟s adjuvant (Negative control group).SUMMARY: Indian sub-continent is a rich source of plant & animal wealth which is due to its varied geographical and agro climate regions. It is a well known fact that traditional system of medicines always played important role in meeting the global health care needs. Arthritis is one of the most common auto-immune inflammatory disorders, foremost cause of disability in western and developing countries. The presently available synthetic drugs in the market are not only economical exploitation but also associated with adverse effects. The synthetic drugs includes NSAIDS and DMARDS like Cyclophosphamide, intramuscular gold, sulfasalazine had the side effects of stomach ulcers, GIT bleeding, kidney, liver damage and hypertension. The given plant Mimosa pudica Linn.provides essential compounds with active principles, having no or minimum side effects holds prospect in future rheumatoid arthritis treatment. From the above review it should be manifest that there are many medicinal plants which exert anti-arthritic activity at a particular dose. The preliminary phytochemical studies discovered the presence of various phytoconstituents. Invivo study was performed with parameters such as paw edema volume, physical and behavioural changes and arthritic index and the extract possessed a significant effect on the inflammation and joint destruction. The biochemical analysis were assessed by estimating the serum values which provided favourable effects. Invitro study showed the effect of the plant extract on the percentage inhibition of protein denaturation and protease enzymes which gave marked responses. Other methods such as histopathology and the radiographic X-ray analysis of the groups showed good results. CONCLUSION:In conclusion, this study has verified that constituents of the plant suppressed the joint inflammation and destruction in adjuvant arthritic rats. We are confident that our data provide mechanistic evidence for anti-arthritic appliance of the plant as a promising candidate for novel therapeutic agent of Rheumatoid arthritis.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Anti-Arthritic Activity ; Ethanolic Extract ; Mimosa Pudica Linn. ; Freund’s Adjuvant ; Arthritis ; Wistar Rats. |
| Subjects: | PHARMACY > Pharmacology |
| Depositing User: | Ravindran C |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Dec 2017 02:14 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Dec 2017 02:14 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/4805 |
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