Mekala, K (2016) Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical , Formulation and Evaluation of Hypolipidemic and Anti-Obesity Activity on Heartwood of Caesalpinia Sappan Linn. Masters thesis, College of Pharmacy, Madras Medical College, Chennai.
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Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study is to explore the Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical, Formulation and then Hypolipidemic and Anti-obesity Evaluation of herbal capsule on the Heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan Linn., Collection and Authentication of the plant specimen. Establishing Pharmacognostical profile of the plant. Extraction of plant material by using, cold maceration with solvents Ethanol and water (1:1) Phytochemical screening and determination of bioactive constituents. Formulation and evaluation of Herbal capsules. Evaluation of Hypolipidemic and Anti- obesity activity by In-vivo models.SUMMARY: Herbal medicines are found to be effective in treatment of various aliments but the major lacuna is lack of proper scientific validation .Hence the present study is aimed at investigating TLC and HPTLC analysis of hydroalcoholic extract was carried out to identify phytoconstituents present. The preparation of herbal capsule on heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan(HECS) for clinical trial in rats and to investigate the hypolipidemic and anti-obesity potency of the formulation. The herbal raw materials were analyzed for their identity, quality and purity. The raw materials were standardized according to WHO Guidelines and Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia of India. Materials which complied with the specification were taken for further studies. The optimized herbal formlations was evaluated for various physiochemical and phytochemical parameters. The physiochemical constants like Loss on drying, pH, Ash values and Extractive value were determined, which will help in preventing variation in quality of the drugs. The heavy metal analysis and the microbial load analysis were carried out as per the WHO Guidelines to check its limit. These were found to be within the limits. Accelerated stability studies were carried out as per ICH Guidelines for a period of three month. The resultant stability data has shown that the formulation is stable under accelerated stability conditions. The quantitative analysis of phytoconstituents especially of flavonoids and phenolic content in extract and formulated herbal capsule was estimated by HPLC method showed the presence of rutin, quercetin, gallic acid, ascorbic acid and tannic acid. Hypolipidemic and anti-obesity activity was assessed by method of high fat induced obesity in rats.The parameters studied were increase in body weight changes and organs weight, lipid profile parameters, liver function test and histopathological studies. Hydroalcoholic extract of Caesalpinia sappan (HECS) herbal capsule was evaluated for acute toxicity studies in albino wistar rats and showed no toxicity upto 2000mg/kg. In-vivo evaluation of high fat diet (HFD) induced obesity in rats was carried out for HECS herbal capsule .The studies showed HECS herbal capsule(250mg/kg and 500mg/kg) significantly reduced the elevated levels of body weight, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDLcholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, SGPT and SGOT and elevate the decrease level of HDLcholesterol. Histopathological studies of aorta and liver of all treated group shows that they are normal and architecture is preserved. These results suggest that, HECS capsule possess good hypolipidemic and anti-obesity activity, which may be due to its flavonoid, saponin and phenolic content.CONCLUSION: Sappan wood with high therapheutic effect and vast folklore uses is a rich natural resource of lead compounds for drug development. Based on literature review, Caesalpinia sappan heartwood has high potential for therapeutic and colouring use. Brazelien has potential pharmacological activity such as anti-tumour, antiinflammatory, anti-diabetic ,immunostimulant properties and also anti thirst, blood purifying action and healing properties in Aurvedha and Unani beneficial to develop into a drug , neutraceuticals and cosmetics. Future studies can be directed towards the Isolation, Characterization of individual compounds responsible for the hypolipidemic and Anti-obesity activity and mechanism of action responsible for this activity, so as to explore this plant for therapeutic purposes. Further Scope: The developed herbal formulation may be taken up for clinical trials in the treatment of hyperlipidemic and obesity problems. the selected plant Caesalpinia sappan Linn., for the hyperlipidemic and obesity problem. The plant Caesalpinia sappan Linn., belong the family Caesalpiniaceae, is claimed to be useful for hypercholesteremia, but the claim has not been scientifically validated. Authentication of the plant material plays a key role in pharmacognostical studies. The plant Caesalpinia sappan Linn., was collected from kulasekaram, kanyakumari district, and authenticated by Dr.V. Chelladurai, Research officer in siddha and ayurvedha. The parameters studied were Macroscopy, microscopy, powder microscopy and physicochemical constants to establish data for proper authentication and detection of adulterants. The qualitative and quantitative analysis were carried out to identify inorganic elements present in the plant. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of toxic heavy metals like Cadmium, Arsenic, Lead and Mercury were within the WHO limits and ensure the safety of the drug . In phytochemical analysis, extraction is the first step involved. The coarse powder was extracted by ethanol and water (1:1)by cold maceration method . The preliminary phytochemical screening of various extract of the plant have revealed the presence of constituents like flavonoids , saponins, tannins , glycosides, carbohydrates, triterpenes ,and terpenoids . HPLC analysis of hydroalcoholic extract was carried out to estimate the quantitative amount of flavonoids and phenolic content present in the extract.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Phytochemical ; Hypolipidemic ; Anti-Obesity ; Heartwood ; Caesalpinia Sappan Linn |
| Subjects: | PHARMACY > Pharmacognosy |
| Depositing User: | Ravindran C |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Dec 2017 10:21 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Jan 2018 08:32 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/4665 |
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