Savyasai, K P (2017) Retrospective Assessment of Angina Pectoris Cases in Government Hospital Tirupur. Masters thesis, The Erode College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Erode.
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Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVES: To study the Retrospective assessment of Angina Pectoris cases in government hospital Tirupur. Objective: Drug utilization studies provide data on prescribing patterns and may help to improve the prescribing habits of general medical practitioners. Some basic objectives of drug utilization studies are as follows: To find-out the drug utilization pattern for angina pectoris patients in a tertiary care hospital. To assess the risk factors related with angina pectoris. To assess the therapeutic, toxic and economic aspects of drugs and their combinations. To encourage the rational prescribing. The study population consisted of 73 males(73%), and 27 females(27%) FIGURE.1 Patients selected for the study had different employment status. Study population include coolie workers (35%), Drivers (16%), Farmers(13%), Business persons (10%), Govt.Employees (2%), other white collar employees (5%), Housewives (10%) and others(9%). Persons with low employment staus found to be more susceptible to angina FIGURE.2 Maximum number of patients fall on the age group of ‗61-70‘ years(40%)‖. In both males and females Maximum number of patients were from this age group. Minimum number of patients were from the age group of ‗21-30‘ years (1%). The incidence of Angina were more rapid in 3 age groups ‗41-50‘, ‗51-60‘, ‗61-70‘, indicating that incidence of angina increases as the age of the patient increases.FIGURE.3 The more prevalent type of angina among the study population was Stable angina (76%). 23% had Unstable angina. Less prevalent type of angina among the population was Variant angina (1%).FIGURE 4. Stable, Unstable and Variant anginas were more prevalent among males compared to females. Out of 76 stable angina patients, 54 patients were males (71.05%) and 22 patients were females (28.95%) Among 23 unstable angina patients 18 patients were males (78.26%) and 5 patients were females (21.74%). The most prevalent type of angina among both males and females was stable angina. Variant angina was present in one male among the study population and was found absent in female population. This shows male gender is an important risk factor for developing Angina FIGURE 5. Among the study population, the most prevalent risk factor was found to be Hypertension (61%) followed by Higher cholesterol level (50%) and Diabetes mellitus(45%). 22% of the study population were smokers and 25% were alcoholics. These two risk factors were limited only in male.38% were obese and 24% were Post menopausal women (risk factor limited only in female). 15% of the population had family history of CAD FIGURE 6. The most common Risk factors among males were found to be Hypertension (63.01%), Higher cholesterol level (53.42%), Obesity (43.84%) and Diabetes mellitus (42.46%). Alcohol consumption and smoking were also found to be responsible for heart diseases in males. Smokers were 30.13% and alcoholics were 34.24% among males.15.06% of males had family history of CAD.24 out of 27 female patients were post menopausal women (88.88%). Hypertension (55.55%), Diabetes mellitus (51.85%) and Higher cholesterol level (40.74%) were found to be other more prevalent risk factors among females. Obesity (22.22%) and family history of CAD (14.81%) were also found to be the reason for heart diseases in females FIGURE 7. 98% of the study population had two or more cardiac risk factors which showed the increased prevalence of risk factors among the people FIGURE.8 Anti platelet medication was the most preferred medication for the patients. Anti anginal drugs like Nitrates (Isosorbid mononitrate, isosorbid dinitrate), Betablockers (Atenolol, Metoprolol) and calcium channel blockers (Amlodipine) were also used. Statins and anti coagulants were also used in patients FIGURE.9. Clopidogrel and Aspirin were the most commonly used anti platelet medication. Clopidogrel alone was used in 13% of the population and Aspirin alone was used in 9% of the population. Clopidogrel -Aspirin combination was used in 78% of the population FIGURE.10. Among 91 patients using clopidogrel 96.70% were given clopidogrel 75mg/day and 3.3% were given clopidogrel 150mg/day. Among 87 patients using Aspirin 56.32% were given Aspirin 75mg/day and 43.68% were given Aspirin 150mg/day.CONCLUSION: Prevalence of angina was found to be increasing with age and was found more in persons with low employment status (coolie workers, drivers, farmers). Stable angina was found to be more prevalent among the population compared to unstable angina and variant angina. Angina was found to be more prevalent in males compared to females. All three types of angina was found to be more prevalent in males. This reflects male gender is an important risk factor for angina pectoris. Approximately half of the patients had hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, High cholesterol level and obesity. This is associated with stress, Life style changes and unhealthy food habits. Hypertension was found to be the most common risk factor for angina followed by Higher cholesterol level and Diabetes mellitus. Two risk factors, smoking and alcohol consumption were limited only in male. One risk factor, post menopause stage was limited only in female. Family history of CAD increases the chances of Angina in first degree relatives. 98% of the population had multiple risk factors. The drug pattern included anti platelet medication, anti anginal drugs, statins and anti coagulants. Most prefered medication was Anti platelet medication. Aspirin and clopidogrel were the most commonly used anti platelet drugs. Combination therapy was preferred more than treatment with individual drugs. Drug therapy in angina was associated with lot of side effects. The present study demonstrates a high prevalence of angina risk factors in the population. The incidence of angina is likely to increase further because of rapid urbanisation and it‘s accompanying life style changes. There is an immediate need to raise awareness among the general population about the risk factors, promote the correct diet and physical activity. We need to develope guidelines for screening and preventive therapeutic programmes to identify and manage individuals with high risk for future events.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Angina Pectoris Cases ; Government Hospital Tirupur |
| Subjects: | PHARMACY > Pharmacy Practice |
| Depositing User: | Ravindran C |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Dec 2017 11:42 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Dec 2017 11:42 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/4406 |
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