Sivakumar, A (2008) Formulation and Evaluation Studies of Acyclovir Topical Gels for Antiviral Activity. Masters thesis, Periyar College of Pharmaceutical Sciences for Girls, Tiruchirapalli.
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Abstract
The present study describes a study on “Formulation and Evaluation studies of Acyclovir topical gels for Antiviral activity” Acyclovir is a broad spectrum antiviral agent against Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella Zoster Virus, which is specific to viral-infected cells with low toxicity and which is less toxic than earlier generation of antiviral agents and as such represents a major therapeutic advance. This drug was selected for the study because it has good percutaneous absorption and appears to be more active as antiviral activity and is well tolerated. The polymers namely Carbopol-934, Carbopol-940, Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose were used for formulation of gels and studied for their drug release from the gel formulations. It is evidence from the IR spectrum that all the polymers used in the gel formulations were compatible with the drug Acyclovir. Different formulations of Acyclovir were prepared by using Carbopol-934, Carbopol-940, Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose in varying proportions. Carbopol gels were transparent, non-greasy and smooth on application. SodiumCMC and HPMC gels were opaque, non-greasy and sticking on application. The gel was prepared using 1%Carbopol-934 has maximum drug content (101.72%) than the others. The pH of the formulations ranged from 6.8 to 7.2 and viscosity is from 36,000 to 51,000cps. Extrudability of carbopol and HPMC gels were excellent than the SodiumCMC gel. The spreadability data shown that the formulation with 1%Carbopol- 934 has the highest value (8cm), where as the others have significant values. In vitro release studies of the formulations were carried out across the cellophane membrane using a diffusion cell. The release was highest for the formulation A2 (1%Carbopol-934) and on the addition of DMSO as a permeation enhancer the drug release was improved. The formulation B2, C3 and D2 also have significant percentage release and on addition of DMSO as a permeation enhancer the drug release from gel formulation was improved. Hence based on the above results, out of 13 formulations A2 was chosen as the best formulation. Stability studies were carried out by placing the gels in collapsible tube at 4- 50c, Room temperature and 37±50C for 3 months and also analyzed for various physical and chemical parameters. The result indicates that the prepared gel was both stable physically and chemically at all storage conditions. From the skin irritation test it was observed that the formulation A2 was found to be safer for topical use. In vivo studies were carried out by collecting blood samples from albino rabbits at regular intervals. The plasma drug concentration and pharmacokinetic parameters were determined. From the above data it was observed that the bioavailability of the drug in Test was higher than Standard. From this investigation, it was concluded that formulation A2 with 1% Carbopol-934 may be the best formulation having good in vitro release profile, stability and bioavailability. Based on the results from the study further utility of the dosage form may depend on pharmacokinetic data. Forthcoming research work of antiviral activity may contribute in the challenging area.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Acyclovir Topical Gels; Antiviral Activity |
| Subjects: | PHARMACY > Pharmaceutics |
| Depositing User: | Ravindran C |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Sep 2017 06:27 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Sep 2017 06:27 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/3330 |
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