Arun, E (2012) Evaluation of the relationship between Body Mass Index, Dental Caries and Diet among a group of 6-12 years old school going children in Chennai City. Masters thesis, Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Chennai.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION : Obesity has become an epidemic in many parts of the world. Obesity is not only a problem found in the adult population but has also become an increasing problem in paediatrics. Obesity appears to influence the general health as well as oral health of an individual. Obesity in children increases the risk of subsequent morbidity, increased prevalence of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, left ventricular hypertrophy, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, obstructive sleep apnoea, and orthopaedic and psychosocial problems, accelerates dental development7 and decreases masticatory performance. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES : The aim of the study was 1. To determine the association between body mass index-for-age and dental caries in children. 2. To find out if there is any relationship between body mass index-for-age and dietary pattern of children. MATERIALS AND METHODS : This cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between body mass index, dental caries and dietary pattern among a group of 600 healthy school going children in Chennai between 6 to 12 years of age of both the genders. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between body mass index, dental caries and dietary pattern among a group of 600 school going children in Chennai between 6 to 12 years of age of both the genders by the department of Pedodontics and Preventive dentistry, Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Chennai. After obtaining approval of the study design from the Institutional review board, the study was conducted for a period of 7 months from January 2011 to July 2011. Permission from school authorities was obtained to conduct the study in schools. Following this, the study design was explained to the teachers and consent forms were sent to parents through the schools. After obtaining parent’s consent, children were randomly included in the study. Demographics including age were obtained from school records, anthropometric measurements were recorded using stature meter and electronic weighing machine and children were examined for their dental caries status. Dietary patterns were obtained using diet charts. RESULTS : The present study is an attempt to find out if there is any relationship between body mass index and dental caries and the role of diet in contributing to both the problems. Using multiple linear regression, when BMI-for-age and diet were compared with caries (Table 7a), a statistically significant association was found only between snacks and caries (P=0.006**). It should be remembered that the concept of biological plausibility suggests that neither the hypothesis “obesity increases risk of caries” nor “caries increases the risk of obesity” is particularly logical. Rather, it is more realistic that a common risk factor increases the likelihood of both diseases, which are then observed in association. CONCLUSION : Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded 1. The overall caries prevalence is 78.6%. Caries prevalence was found to be maximum in obese category children (85%) followed by underweight children (80.53%), normal BMI-for-age children (77.50%) and overweight children (75%) in descending order. 2. The present study shows that the overall mean deft score is 2.06±2.473 and the overall mean DMFT score is 1.025±1.129 and there is no statistically significant difference in the caries scores of boys and girls between any BMI-for-age categories. 3. Caries scores gradually increased in both primary and permanent dentition as BMI increased (except in the primary dentition of underweight children where deft score was more than normal and overweight children) which shows an association between BMI- for- age and caries but this was not statistically significant (P>0.05). 4. Caries in primary dentition is more compared to permanent dentition (overall as well as in all BMI-for-age categories) which is statistically significant (P<0.05) but when compared between groups, there is no statistically significant difference in caries scores both in primary and permanent dentition (P>0.05). 5. The mean scores of all the food groups increased from underweight to obese group except for the dairy group and vegetable and fruit group. Except for the underweight group, children belonging to all other BMI categories consumed more snacks compared to other food groups. 6. Comparison of daily intake of fatty foods showed statistically significant difference between BMI-for-age categories (P<0.05) except between underweight and normal BMI-for-age categories (P=0.936) and between overweight and obese categories (P=0.210). 7. A statistical significant difference in the daily consumption of snack items was found between all the BMI-for-age categories (P<0.05) except between overweight and obese categories (P=0.279). 8. When compared to children in normal BMI-for-age, caries showed no statistically significant relationship to underweight, overweight or obese categories and with any food groups (P>0.05) except with snack items (P<0.05).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | body mass index, dental caries, diet, old school going children. |
| Subjects: | DENTAL > Paedodontics and Preventive Dentistry |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Sep 2017 01:58 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Jan 2018 02:14 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/2901 |
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