Shaikh Mohd, Khasim (2016) Chemopreventive evaluation of an Indian Medicinal Plant on 1.2, Dimethyl Hydrazine (DMH) Induced Aberrant Crypt Foci Rats (Colon Cancer) and It’s Anti Oxidant Potential. Doctoral thesis, The Tamilnadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai.
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Abstract
In India, nature has provided tremendous output of many herbal plants which possesses many pharmacological activities. In the present study we have taken an Indian medicinal plant (Portulaca quadrifida) which is used as vegetable in some places. As per epidemiological studies vegetables and fruits were used to cure many aliments as well as cancer. Therefore we have taken up the current study on one of the most common cancer that is colorectal cancer which has became more common in countries of low income both in men and women. Colon cancer which often found in people at the age of 50 or older. Usually colon cancer begins as polyps, if these polyps are screened and removed then colon cancer can be prevented. It is often a pathological outcome of continuous oxidative stress, governing to rupture of DNA, alterations in genes pertaining to cancer, further silencing epigenetically tumor suppressor genes leading to genomic instability in cellular excess production of reactive species of oxygen and nitrogen (ROS & RNS). ROS- induced carcinogenesis may be associated with oxidative DNA damage. Peroxidation of lipid is an ambiguity of aerobic life damaging wellness or wellbeing of man‟s present day life. Natural life systems which are lipid rich matrices are often open to auto oxidation if not saved from non enzymatic or endogenous enzymatic systems. In the present study Portulaca quadrifida was investigated for In vitro antioxidant studies in which aqueous extract has shown significant scavenging activity comparing with other extracts used and then plant was concealed for In vitro cytotoxicity discourse on colorectal cancer using cell lines like HT-29 and HCT-116 using MTT assay, By comparing all the successive extracts screened, aqueous extract showed highest inhibition with lowest concentration of 15.87 mg/ml. The in vitro data proved that among all the extracts AEPQ is having significant antioxidant and cytotoxicity effects hence; further in vivo studies were preceded with AEPQ. The toxicity of AEPQ was estimated by the acute oral toxicity study in which it showed no toxicity and mortality up to the dose of 2000mg/kg. Hence the present study was carried out with two dose levels of plant extracts (200 mg/kg & 400 mg/kg). For the In vivo study, colon cancer was induced with the chemical carcinogen (DMH) and after treatment with the AEPQ for 16 weeks, the various In vivo parameters were evaluated. The In vivo antioxidant levels (SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, LPO), carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes were increased in compound treated groups (extract) compared to control animals in a dose dependent manner. The In vivo data thus obtained suggested that AEPQ is having good activity against the various biochemical parameters as balanced with the negative group treated as control. The activity may be due to its hydrogen donating property. Histopathalogical studies with aqueous extract of Portulaca quadrifida at 400mg/kg b.wt showed no obvious abnormality in structure of colonic mucosa, which was very well comparable with biochemical, haematological & antioxidants. With the above said findings we conclude that the aqueous extract of plant Portulaca quadrifida possess anti colorectal cancer property. Based on the results of In vitro antioxidant, cytotoxicity and In vivo studies, the aqueous extract was subjected for isolation and characterization, after which isolated compounds were screened for In vitro cytoxicity discourse using cancer cell lines like HT-29 and HCT116 in which S4, S0 and S6 fractions showed remarkable effect at lowest concentration with maximum inhibition of 30.328, 29.657 and 20.566 respectively with HT- 29 whereas with HCT-116 it showed 19.959, 46.258 and 21.152 respectively. GC-MS study proved the aqueous extract of Portulaca quadrifida possess anticancer and antimicrobial activity due to presence of 1-Heptacosanol, 1,2,3-Benzenetriol and Octacosanol. In our extended work microbial activity of aqueous extract of Portulaca quadrifida have undertaken because the bacterial density in large intestine is much greater than that in small intestine, which is paralleled approximately 12 folds increase in cancer of large intestine comparing with small intestine. These two observation combined point towards the theory that colon cancer may be induced by bacteria. In which antimicrobial activity was estimated by using nutrient agar method and potato dextrose agar method used for antifungal activity by using all the three extracts. Among all the extracts aqueous extract of Portulaca quadrifida showed significant activity by inhibiting Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and fungal organism like Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger at minimum inhibitory concentration of 4.3, 4.2, 4.4 and 3.7 at 25mcg/ml, respectively. With the above said findings we conclude that the plant Portulaca quadrifida possess anti colorectal cancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Chemopreventive evaluation, Indian Medicinal Plant, 1.2, Dimethyl Hydrazine (DMH), Aberrant Crypt Foci Rats (Colon Cancer), Anti Oxidant Potential. |
| Subjects: | PHARMACY > Pharmacology |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Aug 2017 09:27 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Oct 2022 03:22 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/2738 |
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