Nitin, Khuteta (2006) Expression of Cyclin A in Rectal Mucosa and Rectal Carcinoma. Masters thesis, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION : Colorectal carcinoma is a common cancer all over the world. Colorectal cancer ranks second in terms of both incidence & mortality in more developed countries. Nearly 945,000 new colo-rectal cancers cases are diagnosed world wide each year and colo-rectal cancer is responsible for some 492,000 deaths. There is significant geographical variation in age standardized incidence as well as in cumulative 0-74 years incidence, high rates occurring in countries of Europe, North America, Australia and Japan. For carcinoma rectum, the crude incidence rate per 100,000 populations in Chennai, India and world for males are 3.0, 3.6, & 16.4 respectively and for females are 1.6, 2.6 and 14.8 respectively. The age standardized rates per 100,000 population in Chennai, India and world for males are 3.7, 4.7, and 19% respectively and for females are 1.9, 3.2 and 14.4 respectively. Geographic variation in colorectal cancer incidence implies and to a large extent proves the critical nature of environmental factors. The incidence rate for residents of Alaskan natives exceeds to 70 per 100,000. whereas that far residents of Gambia and Algeria is less than 2 per 100,000. The etiology of colorectal cancer is complex involving an interplay of environmental and genetic factors. Familial factors contribute to the risk of sporadic colorectal cancer. Involvement of at least one first degree relative with colorectal cancer doubles the risk of colorectal cancer. There is further enhancement of the risk if such a relative is affected before the age of 60yrs. Obesity and total caloric intakes are independent risk factors for rectal cancer. Ingestion of red meat is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Fried, barbecued and processed meats are associated with rectal cancer, with an odds ratio of 6. AIMS & OBJECTIVES : 1. Expression of cyclin A in normal rectal mucosa & rectal Carcinoma. 2. Correlation of cyclin A over expression with stage & grade of rectal carcinoma. 3. Correlation of cyclin A over expression with response to neoadjuvant treatment and recurrence. CONCLUSION : Cyclin A expression is seen in normal rectal mucosa & it is over expressed in rectal carcinoma. Cyclin A over expression is less in mucin secreting adenocarcinoma & signet ring cell carcinoma of rectum in comparison to adeno carcinoma of rectum. The over expression of cyclin A is more in higher grade rectal carcinoma. As the primary tumor stage of rectal carcinoma increases the over expression of cyclin A also increases. Presence or absence of cyclin A over expression does not correlate response to neoadjuvant treatment. The correlation of recurrence of the rectal carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy followed by surgery & cyclin A over expression needs further evaluation in a large number of patients with a longer duration of follow up to come to a definitive conclusion.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Expression of Cyclin A ; Rectal Mucosa ; Rectal Carcinoma. |
| Subjects: | MEDICAL > Surgical Oncology |
| Depositing User: | Kambaraman B |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Jul 2017 02:32 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Jul 2017 02:32 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/2116 |
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