Senbahavalli, V (2022) An Experimental study to Assess the Effectiveness of Acupressure Upon Blood Pressure among Hypertensive Clients at selected wards of Tiruvallur District. Doctoral thesis, The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai.
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Abstract
Chronic diseases are the major contributors to the global disease burden for human population at present. It poses an important public health challenge to both economically developing and developed countries. We have a number of treatment modalities available for treating them. Our ancestors had a better control over their health by following various traditional methods of practice. Sidha in South India, Ayurvedha in North India, Acupressure in China etc., were some of them. Acupressure is a system where the treatment is given by applying slight pressure over the point selected based on pulse diagnosis. Hypertension is regarded as a major public health problem worldwide. The World Health report identifies blood pressure as one of the five important risk factors for cardio vascular diseases globally. Acupressure is one of the traditional methods of treatment founded by Chinese 8000 years ago. In this study it refers to application of pressure on only one point at a time in any channel in the body, selected after pulse diagnosis. Pulse diagnosis is the evaluative tool for selecting the single point which needs to be stimulated. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM: “An Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Acupressure upon Blood Pressure among Hypertensive Clients at Selected Wards of Thiruvallur District” OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY: 1. To assess the level of blood pressure of control and experimental group of Hypertensive clients before and after Acupressure. 2. To evaluate the effectiveness of Acupressure upon blood pressure by comparing the blood pressure of Hypertensive clients before and after Acupressure. 3. To find out the association between selected demographic variables and the level of blood pressure in control and the experimental group of Hypertensive clients. 4. To find out the association between selected clinical variables and the level of blood pressure in control and the experimental group of Hypertensive clients. 5. To find out the acceptability of the Acupressure treatment by the experimental group of Hypertensive clients. NULL HYPOTHESES: Ho1: There will be no significant difference in the blood pressure between pretest and posttest in control and experimental group of hypertensive clients. Ho2: There will be no significant association between selected demographic variables and blood pressure levels in pretest and posttest in control and experimental group of hypertensive clients. Ho3: There will be no significant association between selected clinical variables and blood pressure levels in pretest and posttest in control and experimental group of hypertensive clients. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The present study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of Acupressure upon blood pressure among hypertensive clients. The framework of the study was based on “Wiedenbach Helping Art of Clinical nursing theory”. Ernestine Wiedenbach Helping Art of Clinical Nursing theory (1964) describes a defined situation and a way to attain it. In this study Quasi Experimental Time Series design was adopted. The study was conducted among 220 samples with 110 samples for each control and experimental group. The Control group samples were taken from Koladi and the experimental group samples were from Thiruverkadu Municipality by using simple random sampling from selected areas, samples were chosen from the known cases of Hypertension using purposive sampling technique from each area by considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data was collected using the research instruments such as Demographic variable proforma, Clinical variable proforma, Blood pressure assessment chart, Checklist to assess the signs and symptoms of Hypertension and Rating scale for the assessment of level of acceptability of Acupressure treatment. Pre test was done for both the groups and then Acupressure treatment was given to the experimental group of samples once in a week for two months. Post test was done first immediately after completion of the treatment for two months and was repeated after one month of the first post test. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using the SPSS -20. The results were interpreted according to the objectives and hypotheses of the study as follows. MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE STUDY: ❖ Demographic variables distribution shows that majority of the samples were male (59%, 61.8%), married (80%, 74.54%), Hindus (59%, 65.45%) in control and experimental group, respectively. Around half of them were in the age group of 51-59 years (50.8%, 49.09%), with family income 15000 and above (52.8%, 56.36%) and were professionals by occupation (53.6%, 45.5%) in control and experimental group, respectively. With regard to educational status 39% and 38.18% of them were graduates in control and experimental group, respectively. ❖ Study findings on clinical variables show that, majority of the samples were non alcoholic (62%, 54.54%), non smokers (62%, 54.54%) taking non vegetarian diet (50%, 61.8%) in control and experimental group, respectively. Around half of them were overweight with a BMI 25-29 (50.8%, 49.09%), did not follow any diet modifications (59%, 61.8%) and practiced walking (62%, 54.54%). With regard to sleep 51.8% and 50.8% of them had the habit of sleeping less than 6 hours per day in control and experimental group, respectively. ❖ The systolic blood pressure assessment revealed that in the control group 48.1% of them had normal blood pressure followed by 37.2% of them had pre hypertension in pretest. In post test 1 normal blood pressure was for 47% of clients followed by Prehypertensive (38%). In post test 2 47% of clients had normal blood pressure followed by Pre hypertension (38%). ❖ In the experimental group in the pretest 49.1% of their blood pressure was normal followed by pre hypertension (44.5%). In post test 1 77.3% of them had normal blood pressure followed by 20.9% had Pre hypertension. In post test 2 88.2% of them had normal blood pressure followed by 11.8% had Pre hypertension. ❖ The diastolic blood pressure assessment revealed that in the control group 84.5% of them had normal blood pressure followed by 8.2% of them had pre hypertension in pretest. In post test 1 normal blood pressure was for 84.5% of clients followed by Prehypertensive (8.2%). In post test 2 84.5% of clients had normal blood pressure followed by Pre hypertension (8.2%). ❖ In the experimental group in the pretest 66.4% of their blood pressure was normal followed by pre hypertension (28.2%). In post test 1 92.7% of them had normal blood pressure followed by 7.3% had Pre hypertension. In post test 2 93.6% of them had normal blood pressure followed by 6.4% had Pre hypertension. ❖ The assessment of SBP between the two groups at each levels namely pre, post 1 and 2 shows that there was no significant difference in blood pressure assessments within subjects in pre test, post test 1 and post test 2 in control group of hypertensive clients (p > 0.097). There is significant difference in blood pressure assessments between subjects in pre test, post test 1 and post test 2 in control group of hypertensive clients (p > 0.000). ❖ The assessment of DBP between the two groups at each levels, namely pre, post 1 and 2 shows that there was no significant difference in blood pressure assessments within subjects in pre test, post test 1 and post test 2 in control group of hypertensive clients (p > 0.097). There is significant difference in blood pressure assessments between subjects in pre test, post test 1 and post test 2 in control group of hypertensive clients (p > 0.000). ❖ The difference between the means of both groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). The difference between the means of both groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). Previous studies have shown that acupuncture can lower Blood Pressure. The average decrease in systolic and diastolic BP in the present study was similar to that obtained after acupuncture. ❖ The Pearson Chi-Square test reveals that selected demographic variables age and marital status have significant association with the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. The association between the clinical variables and the systolic blood pressure reveals that walking practice and presence of co-morbidities have highly significant association. RECOMMENDATIONS: ❖ The study can be done for a longer duration to confirm the long term effects of Acupressure. ❖ The study can be conducted among different groups like school teachers, corporate sectors and traffic police. ❖ The study can be conducted on the quality of life among the hypertensive clients. ❖ Comparative study can be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Acupressure with other non pharmacological interventions and alternative therapies. ❖ Experimental study can be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Acupressure upon any other common disease like Diabetes mellitus. ❖ Comparative study can be conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Acupressure among urban and rural population. ❖ The study can be replicated in other settings. CONCLUSION: Acupressure is one of the methods used in traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of disease. It is a simple, noninvasive technique that nurses can perform independently. These findings suggest that acupressure in acu point could lower systolic and diastolic Blood Pressure in patients with hypertension. Therefore, nurses could teach patients with hypertension and their family members how to use acupressure on the acu point. Further studies are needed to establish the effectiveness of this therapy in various groups and settings.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | 21126/2014 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Effectiveness, Acupressure, Blood Pressure, Hypertensive Clients, selected wards, Tiruvallur District. |
| Subjects: | NURSING > Medical Surgical Nursing |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Dec 2022 15:24 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Nov 2023 05:14 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/21083 |
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