Hari Priya, K (2021) Protective Effect of Coscinium Fenestratum Bark Extract on Letrozole Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in Sprague Dawley Rats. Masters thesis, C.L. Baid Metha College of Pharmacy, Chennai.
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Abstract
PCOS is the most common endocrine disorder and mainly affects 6-20% of women in reproductive age. It is a complex disease in which genetics, endocrine, environmental and behavioural factors intertwined and giving rise to heterogenous phenotype with a reproductive, metabolic and psychological characteristics. Obesity increases hyperandrogenism, hirsutism, infertility and pregnancy complications both independently and by exacerbating PCOS. In PCOS, high circulating levels of androgens, estrogen and sex steroid precursors, follicle abnormalities are the most consistent feature in androgen hypersecretion. Hyperandrogenism, a clinical hallmark of PCOS, can cause inhibition of follicular development, microcysts in the ovaries, anovulation and menstrual changes. During the follicle development it reduces progesterone and estrogen levels due to regression of the corpus luteum. The plant Coscinium fenestratum has been used in different system of traditional medication for the treatment of disease and ailments of human beings. The phytochemical screening of the bark of Coscinium fenestratum revealed the presence of bioactive compounds such phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins and cardiac glycosides. C.fenestratum has been reported to have been some pharmacological activities. Letrozole being a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor blocks the conversion of testosterone to estradiol. This results in the reduction of estradiol production and elevated levels of testosterone. Letrozole an aromatase has increased the circulatory androgen levels. Clomiphene citrate a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) has agonist and antagonist activity. Treatment of clomiphene citrate has been shown to improve ovulation induction in female rats. In present study, we need induced aromatase inhibition in female rats in order to induce conditions similar to those PCOS in women it is then examined for hormonal concentration, antioxidant activity and histopathology changes in the ovaries on letrozole induced PCOS female rats. Decreased or normal FSH and increased LH are due to (a) GnRH pulsatile secretion, at hypothalamic level (b) high estrogen environment at pituitary level. FSH is responsible for the development of eggs into mature follicles by acting on immature follicular cells of the ovary in normal individual. In this study FSH level shows a significant increase in BECF treated female rats compared to letrozole induced female rats. LH is responsible for the secretion of progesterone and estrogen which is elevated level in PCOS. The decrease in the sex hormone binding protein in the liver, and increase in insulin response in the ovary and the effect of high LH this results in increase androgen secretion in the ovary then, follicle growth and maturation are suppressed. In this study, LH level are significant decreased in BECF treated female rats than letrozole induced female rats. Insulin resistance leads to hyperinsulinemia, which reduces SHBG and raises free circulating testosterone. Elevated levels of free or total testosterone are not converted to estradiol in PCOS. BECF treatment show significant decrease in total testosterone level than letrozole induced female rats. The antioxidant activity like SOD and CAT level increased in BECF treated female rats than letrozole induced female rats and lipid peroxidation decreased in BECF treated female rats than letrozole induced female rats. CONCLUSION: The Estrus cycle is restored to regular pattern in the animals treated with BECF. Hence it can be concluded that this extract has a potential healing effect on PCOS rat model, bringing the reproductive cycle and other complications to normal. The finding of the study confirmed the BECF causes an increase in FSH level and decrease in LH and Testosterone level near to the control level. BECF shows remarkable antiandrogenic effect by degenerating the immature follicular cysts and decreasing the cysts size which can be assumed, to help in regulating normal ovulation. Therefore, this extract needs further study to establish the mechanism of action of BECF.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Additional Information: | 261925003 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Protective Effect. Coscinium Fenestratum Bark Extract, Letrozole Induced Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), Sprague Dawley Rats. |
| Subjects: | PHARMACY > Pharmacology |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Dec 2022 08:47 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Dec 2022 08:47 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/21007 |
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