Ranjith, S (2021) Preclinical study of Siddha Drug Thalaga Parpam for its Bronchodilator, Anti-Histamine and Smooth Muscle Relaxing Activities. Masters thesis, Government Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
Siddha herbo mineral formulation to be more effective than herbal formulation for chronic disease. The trial drug of Thalaga parpam was selected from Siddha text anuboga vaithiya navaneetham, for its bronchodilator, anti-histamine and anti-spasmodic activities. The raw drugs Thalagam was purchased from authorized drug store in Nagercoil at Kanyakumari district. Purasam pattai and Aadutheendappaalai were collected from around Tirunelveli. All the above ingredients were identified and authentical by experts of PG Gunapadam department, Government Siddha medical College, Palayamkottai, Tirunelveli. A brief literature search was performed for Thalaga parpam and its ingredients which claim support of its bronchodilator, anti-histamine and anti-spasmodic activities. The preparation of trial drug was standardized by physicochemical and chemical analysis. The physicochemical analysis the drug shows is lightly yellow colour with no odour or taste. Moisture is one of the major factors responsible for the deterioration of the drugs and formulations. Low moisture content is always desirable for higher stability of the drugs. The percentage of loss on drying at 105◦C is 0.70%. The low moisture content of the drug reveals the stability and its shelf-life. Ash value is useful in determining authenticity and purity of sample and also these values are important qualitative standards. The main chemical component of ash is carbon, with varying amounts of other elements including calcium, magnesium, potassium, and phosphorus. The total ash value, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash of Thalaga parpam was found to be 9.10%, 8.00% and 1.10% respectively. Total ash value of plant materials indicates the amount of minerals and earthy materials attached to the plant material. The biochemical analysis of the drug showed the presence of calcium, sulphate, chloride and ferrous that will play an important role in acid base balance and determining the pH and acid level in the stomach. Calcium and Chloride regulates the acid base balance of the body fluids, by maintaining the osmotic pressure of the body fluids. This helps body to fight against various infections. Sulphate and ferrous are important in various metabolic activities in our body. The phytochemical analysis of Thalaga parpam shows Alkaloids and Carbohydrates. Alkaloids are effective bronchodilators and help in the modulation of the immune system by playing a crucial role in metabolism. The microbial limit test of the trial drug Thalaga parpam shows the present of aerobic organism. The SEM image of Thalaga parpam showed particles ranging from 1-10 microns. EDAX revealed the presence of carbon, oxygen, potassium, arsenic, silica, sulphur, calcium and iron. FTIR- analysis showed the absence of any organic moieties and presence of arsenic compounds. ICP-OES result shows Thalaga parpam has arsenic, carbon, potassium, phosphorus and sulphur in it. However, the levels of arsenic are well below the PTWI levels when administered in prescribed in quantities mentioned in Siddha texts. This reveals the safety of the drug. The XRD results, this sample is known to exhibit crystalline in nature. The different peaks show the present of minerals in the sample. The acute and subacutae toxicological studies proved that the drug is non toxic and safe. Acute and Sub-acute toxicity were carried out in wister rats according to OECD guidelines (423 & 407). This drug has no acute toxicity as there was no mortality seen Sub-acute toxicity is carried by repeated dose of test drug for 28 days. Mortality, the functional observations, haematological and bio-chemical investigations were done. There were no significant changes in the bio-chemical and haematological profile. So, the toxicological study of these test drug, Thalaga parpam establish the safety of the drug for long time administration. In pharmacological studies, bronchodilator activity is carried out in rats by using milk induced leukocytosis method. The test drug Thalaga parpam has significant bronchodilator activity, which reveals the effectiveness of Thalaga parpam in treating bronchial asthma. Anti-histamine activity was performed by histamine induced broncho constriction model with pre-convulsion time as testing parameter. Thalaga parpam was found to provide 35% and 57% protection at 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg drug concentrations. Smooth muscle relaxant activity of Thalaga parpam showed significant anticholinergic activity when studied in isolated rat ileum model. Thalaga parpam had an antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens Proteus vulgaris and Candida sp. at higher concentrations (20 μl & 30 μl ) as given in the table 1, However, the given sample had shown no antibacterial against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcu aureus & Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Result and discussion give the necessary and essential justification to prove the potency of test drug with scientific validation. Thus, the herbo-mineral Siddha formulation, Thalaga parpam is safety and effective in the management of iraippu. CONCLUSION: Even though Thalaga parpam has been used for centuries in traditional medicine, pharmaco-vigilance never existed then and does not even prevail in the modern era. This study has provided a modern understanding about the presence of various constituents, chemical and physical nature of Thalaga parpam. Animal experiments in rats along with microbial studies showed that it was safe for human administration at doses and duration prescribed in Siddha texts. Bronchodilator activity, anti-histamine activity and anti-spasmodic activity of Thalaga parpam was also demonstrated in this study. Hence, this study has provided a significant and substantial amount of data for designing human clinical trials.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | 321812005 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Siddha Drug, Thalaga Parpam, Bronchodilator, Anti-Histamine and Smooth Muscle Relaxing Activities, Preclinical study. |
| Subjects: | AYUSH > Gunapadam |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Nov 2022 14:28 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Nov 2022 14:28 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/20962 |
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