Sri Indu, N (2021) Evaluation of Anti-Parkinsonian Effect of Anacyclus Pyrethrum Linn Root in MPTP Induced Neurodegeneration. Masters thesis, Annai J.K.K. Sampoorani Ammal College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
The preliminary phytochemical screening carried out on ethanolic extract of Anacyclus pyrethrum revealed the presence of phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, fixed oils. The extract did not produce any toxic symptoms of mortality up to dose level of 2000mg/kg body weight in rats (Sujith K, 2011) and hence the dose of 200 and 400mg/kg of EEAPR were considered safe for further pharmacological screening. Free radicals are fundamental to any biochemical process and represent an essential part of aerobic life and metabolism. Due to their high reactivity and low stability, ROS (hydroxyl radical, super oxide anion radical, hydrogen peroxide, singlet oxygen, nitric oxide radical, hypochlorite radical, and various lipid peroxides) enter reactions to lipids, proteins and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), generating oxidized metabolites and DNA adducts (Kimura [et al.], 2005). Oxidative stress plays an important role in the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Disruptions in the physiologic maintenance of the redox potential in neurons interfere with several biological processes, ultimately leading to cell death (Vera D, 2013). Antioxidants are able to block the free radical mediated disease like neurodegenerative disorders (Hafiz K, 2018). EEAPR produced a dose depend increase in DPPH free radical scavenging effect (IC50 value 3.48 µg/ml). These scavenging properties are generally due to high reducing capacity of the polyphenols acting as primary antioxidants (Shailbala S, 2019). The lower the IC50, the stronger the scavenging activity of the extracts. Antioxidant activity is considered high when IC50 is less than 50 µg/ml (Hakima B, 2019). EEAPR produced a dose depend increase in Nitric oxide radical scavenging effect (IC50 value 4.55 µg/ml). The phenolic compounds present in the extract might be responsible for nitric oxide scavenging effect. (Govindarajan [et al.], 2003). Nitric oxide is a potent pleiotropic mediator of physiological processes such as smooth muscle relaxation, neuronal signaling, inhibition of platelet aggregation and regulation of cell mediated toxicity. It is a diffusible free radical which plays many roles as an effector molecules in diverse biological systems including neuronal messenger, vasodilation, antimicrobial and antitumouractivities (Sujith K, 2011). EEAPR (400mg/kg/p.o) treated group showed significant increase in SOD (P<0.001) and Catalase level (P<0.01) indicates that EEAPR can prevent oxidative stress and thereby arrest the progression of neurodegerative disorders like Parkinson disease. No significant changes in body weights (p > 0.05) were observed at 14 days after EEAPR administration. Our observation is coinciding with the finding of Houria The loss of the dopamine neurons in the midbrain of the human brain is the main feature of Parkinson’s disease. The loss of dopamine-containing neurons in the midbrain affects different parts of the nigral complex up to various levels. This loss increases with disease progression. Treatment of Parkinson’s disease requires that the levels of Dopamine be increased to decrease the symptoms of PD like bradykinesia (slow movement), rigidity, tremors and loss of balance which occurs with PD. The increase in ambulatory behaviour indicates a stimulant effect ( Badhe S. R., 2010) and EEAPR has shown stimulant activity in the actophotometer as they reduced the immobility period. This may be due to stimulation of dopamine neurotransmission. EEAPR-400mg significantly increased the dopamine level (P<0.001) which may be due to interaction of EEAPR with dopamine receptor thereby increasing the level of dopamine in brains of rat. Locomotor activity is considered as an index of alertness (Sujith K, 2011) and a increase in the actophotometer activity would indicate effect on the muscle coordination. EEAPR-400mg (P<0.001) significantly increased the fall of time in rota rod test indicates the extract increases the muscular strength. CONCLUSION: Parkinson disease is a neurodegenerative disorder currently without an effective treatment. Impairment of motor coordination is the initial and most significant symptom of PD. The present findings indicate improvement of motor co-ordination in EEAPR treated rats validate the traditional claim of A.pyrethrum root as a nervine tonic in the Indian system of medicine. Considering the lack of drugs with proven effect in improving motor coordination and muscular strength, A. pyrethrum can be of enormous interest for further neurochemical investigation which can unravel its mechanism of action with respect to anti-parkinsonian activity.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | 261925714 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Evaluation, Anti-Parkinsonian Effect, Anacyclus Pyrethrum Linn Root, MPTP Induced Neurodegeneration. |
| Subjects: | PHARMACY > Pharmacology |
| Depositing User: | Ramakrishnan J |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Aug 2022 06:34 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Aug 2022 08:55 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/20785 |
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