Thenral, M (2009) Suicide Intent, Lethality and Life Stresses in Suicide Attempters with Axis I Disorders. Masters thesis, Stanley Medical College, Chennai.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION: “Life is a stage with one entrance but many exits” Will Durant (1954). Suicide is a psychiatric issue by itself and is also associated with other Psychiatric illnesses. Though fatal outcomes in suicidal attempts are not seen in Hospitals in our set up, other factors of rescue do play a part in hospital Attendance. Suicidal acts with non-fatal outcome are labeled suicide attempts, Attempted suicides, Parasuicide, or acts of deliberate self harm. These terms are Used to describe behaviors, through which people inflict acute harm upon Themselves with a non fatal outcome. These behaviors are some how linked to, But do not result in death. According to WHO/EURO multi-centre study on Para suicide, it is Defined as "An act with non fatal outcome in which an individual deliberately Initiates a non habitual behavior, that without intervention from others will Cause self harm, (or) deliberately ingests a substance in excess of the prescribed (or) generally recognized dosage, and which is aimed at realizing changes that The person desires via the actual (or) expected physical consequences". Hence, non- fatal suicidal attempts can have different motivations, Varying from an intention to die or a cry for help. These attempts may be well Prepared or carried out impulsively. The degree of lethality and the degree of Medical seriousness thus depend upon intention, preparation, knowledge and Expectations of the method chosen and sometimes upon coincidental factors, Such as intervention from others. Risk and protective factors are associated with suicidal behaviors in Young females, including stressful life events, mental disorders and hormonal Factors. Risk and protective factors suggest potential pathogenic mechanisms And indicate the need for efficient method to reach these people at risk. As per the WHO statistics, in the year 2000, approximately one million People died from suicide: a "global" mortality rate of 16 per 100,000, or one Death every 40 seconds. In the last 45 years suicide rates have increased by 60% Worldwide. Suicide is now among the three leading causes of death among those aged 15- 44 years (both sexes); these figures do not include suicide attempts up to 20 Times more frequent than completed suicides. Suicide worldwide is estimated to Represent 1.8% of the total global burden of disease in 1998, and 2.4% in Countries with market and former socialist economies in 2020. Although Traditionally suicide rates have been highest among the male elderly, rates Among young people have been increasing to such an extent that they are now The group at highest risk in a third of countries, in both developed and Developing countries. Ettlingers (1964) in his review reports, 1-2% of those who attempt suicide Eventually complete suicide annually. For every single successful suicidal Attempt 5-10 persons attempt but do not succeed. Mental disorders (particularly depression and substance abuse) are Associated with more than 90% of all cases of suicide; however, suicide results From many complex sociocultural factors and is more likely to occur Particularly during periods of socioeconomic, family and individual crisis Situations (e.g. Loss of a loved one, employment, honor). Though there were observations about suicide and suicidal Behavior in ancient times, the studies on attempted suicide and suicide have Gained impetus in the recent past. Such studies have lent credence to the theory That the suicidal state appears to a large extent, a potentially recognizable and Preventable one. Due to expansion of the problem of attempted suicide, major research Effort has been directed towards investigation on the characteristics of people Who attempt suicide and is given a high priority in suicide prevention. At risk Population for suicide and attempted suicide is a group which has to be Identified and intervened to prevent death from this eminently preventable Cause. The aim is not only to achieve a fall in rate of suicide but also to Restore the individual’s mental health, the sources of emotional sustenance, Which is necessary for survival and to maintain the dignity of human life.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Suicide Intent ; Lethality Life Stresses ; Suicide Attempters ; Axis Disorders. |
| Subjects: | MEDICAL > Psychiatry |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Aug 2017 03:03 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Aug 2017 03:03 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/1943 |
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