Devi, D (2013) Study of the Differences in the Quality of Life and Disability among Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders and Assessment of the Burden among their Care Givers. Masters thesis, Stanley Medical College, Chennai.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Mental disorders are health conditions that are characterized by alterations in Thinking, mood or behavior associated with distress. Mental & behavioral Disorders account for 12% of the global burden of the disease. In India, the Prevalence of mental illnesses have estimated to be about 65/10001.Of which Schizophrenia & mood disorders are the most disabling disorders in the Category. Schizophrenia is a clinical syndrome of variable but profoundly disruptive Psychopathology that involves cognition, emotion, perception & other aspects Of behavior. The prevalence of Schizophrenia is reported to be 2.3-3/1000. Bipolar affective disorder is an episodic illness in which episodes of Depression/mania/mixed/hypomania occur. BPAD s are dimensional illnesses in Which patients experience during long term course of illness, fluctuating levels Of severity if manic & depressive symptoms interspersed with symptom free Periods2. The current prevalence of BPAD is 0.4 –o.5% ;1 year prevalence is 0.5-1.4% & lifetime prevalence is 2.6-7.8%.3 In India ,the prevalence of Affective disorder ranges from 0.51/thousand population4. Quality of life is Essentially understood as a wholesome concept, encompassing all the spheres of Life such as physical ,emotional ,material ,social well being ,development and Activity and not merely an absence of disease or infirmity.QOL can help the Clinical care in the assessment impact of the illness and its treatment ,functioning & well being. Quality of life is essentially understood in terms of Psychosocial wellbeing and the perception of one’s own life situations. In his work, on the quality of life by Sullivan G, he noted the severe Psychosocial deficits experienced by the people with mental illnesses and their Vulnerability to stress. Decline in the quality of life, especially in the domains of Environment, social relationships & employment were reported among the People with psychiatric disorders 5. According to international classification of impairment, Disability & Handicap (ICDH ,1980),Disability is defined as interference with activities of The whole person in relation to the immediate environment 6 .Within the ambit Of definition of disability under the persons with disabilities act 1995,mental Illness means a disorder of the mind that results in partial/complete disturbance In thinking ,feeling & behavior which may also result in recurrent /persistent Inability or reduced ability7. Given the magnitude and pervasiveness of the impairments associated with Schizophrenia ,(Tandon et al)8 only limited effectiveness of existing treatments And the prevalence of stigma , people with schizophrenia commonly experience A wide and diverse array of psychosocial difficulties reaching far beyond the Symptoms of the disease9. Schizophrenia is associated with various physical abnormalities (eg. Enlarged Ventricles and sulci , neuronal disarray ,excess of dopamine ,and reduced frontal Blood flow) and psychological abnormalities (eg. Hallucinations , delusions, Disorganized cognition ,and basic cognitive disturbances ,including input ,memory and abstraction).These abnormalities (i.e. Impairments)may lead to Various difficulties (i.e., activity limitations)for persons with schizophrenia, Including the inability to speak in coherent sentences ,to concentrate ,and to Remember and organize details. Without some or all of these abilities, an Individual with schizophrenia will have great difficulty meeting certain public Services. Such contextual issues as stigma and impaired social support networks Can exacerbate participation restrictions by limiting access to resources and Opportunities. Bipolar affective disorder has been found to be associated with the Following types of disability: increased suicidal behavior, higher Unemployment, higher dependence on public assistance, lower annual income, Increased work absenteeism owing to illness, decreased work productivity ,poorer overall functioning, lower quality of life and decreased life span10. Burden is defined as presence of problems, difficulties or adverse events Which affect the ( lives) of the psychiatric patient ‘s significant others11. Families of patients with mental illness face stigmatization, long term Economical and emotional burden taking care of the patient. Illness in the Patient has impact on work, social relationship and leisure activities of the Family members. This evokes different feelings in the family members, which Can have an impact on the course and prognosis of the illness12. The concept of Quality of life, disability and burden are interrelated. These Concepts have received more attention with the advent of newer drugs and better Therapeutic outcome among the patients. Thus it is more prudent to concentrate On these factors to help the patients, make a constructive living. AIM: To assess the differences in the quality of life and disability among patients with Schizophrenia and bipolar disorders and to study the burden of care among their Caregivers OBJECTIVES: To assess the quality of life in persons with schizophrenia in comparison With bipolar disorder. To evaluate the disability among persons with schizophrenia in Comparison with bipolar disorder. To describe the burden of care among the caregivers of persons with Schizophrenia in comparison with bipolar disorder.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Differences Quality Life Disability ; Patients ; Schizophrenia ; Bipolar Disorders ; Assessment ; Burden ; Care Givers. |
| Subjects: | MEDICAL > Psychiatry |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Aug 2017 02:57 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Aug 2017 02:57 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/1935 |
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