Suguna, C (2020) A Clinical study of Ocular Manifestations in Children with Global Developmental Delay in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Masters thesis, Coimbatore Medical College, Coimbatore.
|
Text
220300720suguna.pdf Download (4MB) | Preview |
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: One of the most common disabling and handicapping condition in the children are the visual disorders. In the developing countries the childhood blindness is a global problem. The prevalence of childhood blindness in high income and middle income countries are 0.3-0.4/1000 children and 0.2-0.7/1000 children respectively. Similarly in low and very low income countries the prevalence of childhood blindness are about 1.2/1000 children and 0.9/children. The prevalence of blind children in the world is about 1.4 million. Developmental delay is defined as significant delay in two or more developmental domains such as gross motor, vision and fine motor, speech, hearing and language, personal/social. It is significant when there is a delay of two or more SD from the mean in two or more domains of development. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to describe the various ocular disorders in children with developmental delay and to search for treatable causes of visual disorders in children with delayed milestones. Our objective was to emphasize the importance of detailed ophthalmic examination in children with developmental delay. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a hospital based prospective cross- sectional study and the study was conducted at the department of Ophthalmology in Coimbatore Medical College Hospital for a one year period. A total of 100 subjects were included in the analysis. Detailed history including perinatal and antenatal complications, ocular examination including visual acuity such as central, steady, maintenance of fixation of light reflex (CSM), anterior segment and fundus examination. Investigations such B-scan, MRI was done in selected cases. Descriptive analysis was carried out by mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables, frequency and proportion for categorical variables. Data was also represented using appropriate diagrams like bar diagram, pie diagram and box plots. RESULTS: The male child was affected with high prevalence i.e., 60% with a mean age ± SD of 2.34 ± 1.32 years. The antenatal history of pregnancy induced hypertension was high with 27.0%. The perinatal complications such as birth asphyxia, seizures, low birth weight and prematurity were identified with 38%, 26%, 16% and 13% respectively. Visual acuity (CSM) was presented with 67%. Exotropia was high in the study population with 18%. Congenital cataract and telecanthus were identified with 5% each. Whereas congenital nystagmus with 34%. Myopia was the common most refractive error with 22% followed by hypermetropia and astigmatism with 11% and 7% respectively. The normal fundus was observed in 86% of children with pale disc was seen in 8% of cases due to hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy sequelae. CONCLUSION: Early evaluation and correction of visual problems can be done in children with developmental delay through encouraging an annual ophthalmic examination and awareness among the parents, thereby the cause of unnecessary visual impairment can be reduced. Quality of life can also be improved with proper screening and appropriate management in these children.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | 221713203 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Developmental delay, Refractive errors. |
| Subjects: | MEDICAL > Ophthalmology |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Feb 2021 12:44 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Feb 2021 12:44 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/14182 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |
