Neetha, L (2020) Study on Dermatological Manifestations in School Aged Children in a Tertiary Health Care Centre. Masters thesis, Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, Kulasekharam.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Among the school going children dermatological problems are the most common problems that occur with respect to health. Dermatological problems cause a very bad impact on the emotional, psychological and bodily stress for both the child suffering and the child’s family. Dermatological diseases in children are very common, especially infections in school going children. The various causes that have an influence in the prevalence of dermatological diseases are the socioeconomic status of the family, the environmental conditions the child lives in, the food and lifestyle habits, the climatic conditions that prevail, the hygienic practices that the child follows, cultural factors, genetic factors and education status of parents affects the presence of dermatological diseases in children. Factors such as playfulness, intimacy, overcrowding also contribute to the development of skin diseases in school-aged children. There exists very limited studies in South Tamil Nadu, in which the school children have been evaluated for skin disorders. The State of Tamil Nadu, especially the area around this medical college has a huge number of children that belong to the school age group. In view of all this we at the medical college decided to study that was titled as “Study on dermatological manifestations in school aged children in a tertiary health care centre” with the aim to learn the clinical and the epidemiological pattern of skin manifestations in school going children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was a cross sectional study done at the Dermatology Venereology and Leprosy Department and Paediatrics Department at the Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, Kulasekharam for a time duration of 18 months on 80 children who were in the school age group who served as a single group. The patients were chosen based on a pre-defined criteria. This study was initiated after approval of the study protocol by the institutional research and ethics committee. Assent was obtained from children above 8 years of age and informed consent was taken from the parents/guardians of children below 8 years of age. After getting clearance from ethics committee, the patients that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. RESULTS AND OBSERVATIONS: A total of 51 cases (63.75%) belonged to 5 - 8 years age group and 29 cases (36.25%) belonged to 9-12 years age group. More skin diseases were seen among 5 - 8 years age group (63.75%) in our study. We got 47 male children and 33 female children. Skin diseases were found to be slightly more common in males with a ratio of 1.42: 1. Using Modified Kuppuswamy Socioeconomic Status distribution we found that lower class formed most of the cases with 34 children (42.5 %), followed by Upper lower class with 26 cases accounting for 32.5 % of the study, followed by lower middle with 13 cases (16.25%). Infectious diseases were more common (19 cases) than inflammatory diseases (15 cases) in the lower class i.e. infectious diseases were more in lower class. Rural patients comprised 64 cases (80 %) and the urban patients comprised 16 cases (20%). Dermatological lesions were more common in rural areas when compared to urban areas. In 5 – 8 years old children, inflammatory skin conditions were the most common with 27 cases (52.9%) followed by infectious skin condition in 23 cases (45.2%) and pigmentary disorders with only 1 case (1.9%). In 9 -12 years old children, Inflammatory skin conditions were the most common with 15 cases (51.8%) followed by infectious diseases in 14 cases (48.2%). Inflammatory skin conditions were highest in account with 42 cases (52.5%) in which Pityriasis alba was most common with 14 cases each (17.5 percent). This condition was more common in less than 9 years age group having 12 cases (44.44%). Next to inflammatory conditions, infectious diseases were common with 37 cases (46.25%). Among this parasitic infestation was the commonest with 15 cases (40.5%), followed by bacterial infections which was seen in 14 cases (17.5 percent). Impetigo was the commonest bacterial infection seen in 5-8 years age group. Association between socioeconomic status and dermatological conditions: Infectious diseases were more common (19 cases) than inflammatory diseases (15 cases) in the lower class i.e. infectious diseases were more in lower class. CONCLUSION: Dermatological conditions were more common in 5-8 years age group. Skin diseases were slightly more common in male children. Overall, Inflammatory diseases were higher in number than infectious diseases. According to Modified Kuppuswamy classification of Socioeconomic status, Infections were more common among lower socioeconomic class. Hence measures can be taken for overall improvement of education, job opportunities and socioeconomic status in rural areas so that there can be an improvement in the per capita income.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Additional Information: | 201730401 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Dermatological Manifestations, School Aged Children, Tertiary Health Care Centre. |
| Subjects: | MEDICAL > Dermatology Venereology and Leprosy |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Feb 2021 15:57 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Feb 2021 15:57 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/13896 |
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