Sharmila, P V (2020) A Comparative Cross Sectional study on Self-Care Practices among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural and Urban Areas in Salem District, Tamilnadu. Masters thesis, Stanley Medical College, Chennai.
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Abstract
A community based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess and compare the various self-care practices and factors influencing it, among patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus in rural and urban areas of Salem, Tamil Nadu. 400 persons with type 2 Diabetes mellitus residing in selected rural and urban areas of Salem selected through multistage sampling were the study participants. Both men and women aged 30 and above who have physician diagnosed type 2 Diabetes mellitus for at least 1 year and residing in the selected locality for at least 1 year and who consented for the study were included in this study. The information regarding self-care activities among patients with type 2 diabetes was collected using the revised version of Summary Diabetes Self-Care Activities questionnaire (SDSCA). Data was collected using semi-structured pretested questionnaire with 5 sections in regional language (Tamil) by face to face interview method. In this study, dietary practice, physical activity, foot care, dental care, monitoring of blood glucose level, adherence to prescribed drugs, screening for complications and life free from having addictive habits are the 8 domains considered under self-care. The study revealed the following findings, • Majority of the study participants were in the age group of 41 to 60 years in both rural and urban area. 60% of the participants were female and 70% were living with their spouse. The illiteracy rate was 10.5% in rural area and 4% in urban area. • Usage of tobacco products was high in rural area (32%) when compared to (27%) in urban area. • Alcohol consumption by study participants was almost similar (25%)in rural and urban area. • The median durtion of diabetes among study participants was 4 years with maximum and minimum duration of 31 and 1 year respectively. • Nearly half of study participants were diagnosed with Diabetes only after developing symptoms in both rural (52.5%) and urban (50%) area. 10% of participants in rural area and 13.5% of particiapants in urban area were diagnosed only after developing complications of Diabetes. • In rural area nearly three-fourth (73%) of participants received treatment from government health facility and remaining from private health care facility but in urban area more than half i.e. 64% of participants received treatment from private health care facility, 30.5% received treatment from government and 5.5% of study participants received treatment from both facilities. • Among all the practices, blood pressure monitoring (95.5%) once in 3 months was the highest practiced self-care in urban settings but in rural area blood glucose monitoring and blood pressure monitoring at least once in 3 months were the highest (89%). • The least practiced self-care was dental check-up at least once in a year in both rural (1.5%) and urban (10%) settings. • The only practice which was high among rural participants was adherence to drugs (86.5%) for 6 days in a week. • Good dietary self-care practice was more among urban (38.5%) study participants when compared with rural (30%) participants but it was not statistically significant. • Practicing good physical activity (34%) was equal among study participants in rural and urban area. • Foot care practice was higher among residence of urban (23.5%) than rural (13.5%) participants and it was statistically significant. • Dental care practice was higher among residence of urban (36.5%) than rural (15.5%) participants and it was statistically significant. • Nearly 95% of study participants in urban area monitored their blood glucose at least once in 3 months while 89% of study participants monitored in rural settings. This difference was found to be statistically significant. • Adherence to drugs was high among rural study participants (86.5%) than urban participants (82.5%) but it was not statistically significant. • Screening for diabetic retinopathy was done by 3.5% and 20.5% of study participants in rural and urban area respectively and the association was found to be statistically significant. • 2.5% and 19% of study participants had done renal function test in last year in rural and urban area respectively. This difference was statistically significant. • Monitoring ECG at least once in a year was high among urban participants (26%) than rural participants (5%). It was found to be statistically significant. • Monitoring Lipid profile at least once in a year was high among urban participants (25%) than rural participants (5%). It was found to be statistically significant. • This study showed positive association between educational status, socioeconomic status and most of the self-care practices. • The current study showed unawareness as the main barrier for various self-care practices. • Other barriers identified were poor perceived benefits, lack of family support, financial constraints, physical disability.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Additional Information: | 201725353 |
| Subjects: | Respiratory Medicine > Community Medicine > Respiratory Medicine > Community Medicine |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Feb 2021 16:31 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jun 2022 04:07 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/13787 |
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