Bharathy, M (2012) Effectiveness of Pranayama upon Depression among Old Age People. Masters thesis, Apollo College of Nursing, Chennai.
|
Text
300512812bharathy.pdf Download (2MB) | Preview |
Abstract
“A Quasi Experimental study was conducted to assess the Effectiveness of Pranayama upon Depression among Old Age People in the selected Old Age Homes, Chennai” OBJECTIVES: 1. To find out the prevalence of depression among the old age people in selected old age homes. 2. To assess the level of depression in control and experimental group of old age people. 3. To evaluate the effectiveness of Pranayama by comparing the level of depression in control and experimental group of old age people before and after administration of Pranayama. 4. To determine the level of satisfaction after Pranayama in experimental group of old age people. 5. To find out the association between demographic variables and the level of depression before and after Pranayama in control and experimental group of old age people. 6. To find out the association between clinical variables and the level of depression before and after Pranayama in control and experimental group of old age people. The conceptual framework was derived from Comfort theory developed by Katharine Kolcaba (2007). The study variables were depression and Pranayama and hypothesis were formulated. The level of significance selected was p<0.05. An extensive review of literature were made based on the opinions of the experts. The study was conducted in two phases, survey and Quasi experimental approaches were used in phase I and phase II respectively. The sample size of the study was 125 for phase1 and 60 for the phase II. (30 in control and 30 were in experimental group) respectively. Simple random sampling technique, lottery was used to select the samples for phase II. Quasi experimental research design was adopted. An experimental approach with pretest, post test design was used to achieve the objectives of the study. The study was conducted at S.V Old age home Arumbakkam Chennai (control) Anandham old age home Kallikuppam, Ambattur, Chennai, The sample size was 60 old age people (30 in each group). The data collection was validated and reliability was established through split half technique. The researcher used validated tool for collecting data. Demographic variable proforma, Clinical variable proforma, Geriatric depression scale, and Rating scale on satisfaction of Pranayama were the various tools used by the researcher. The validity was obtained from various experts and reliability was obtained through inter rater evaluation and found to be highly reliable. The main study was conducted after the pilot study. Initially level of depression (before therapy) was assessed for the control and experimental group of old age people. Pranayama was practiced among the experimental group of old age people. Pranayama refers to breathing exercise, breath retention and deliberate methods of inhalation and exhalation for mental and physical benefits. This therapy enhances relaxation. This is done on daily basis for 33 minutes in morning before break fast for a period of six weeks. Techniques of Pranayama were demonstrated by the researcher. The level of depression, (after therapy) were assessed again for both the groups after 6 weeks. The level of satisfaction on Pranayama was assessed among the experimental group of old age people. The data obtained were analyzed using Descriptive and inferential statistics. MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE STUDY: ❖ Prevalence of depression among the old age people residing in the selected old age home were normal (12%), mild depression ( 68%), severe depression (20%) and overall as 88% in the control and experimental group of old age people. ❖ Majority of the old age people in the control and experimental group were aged between 66-70 years (83.33%, 63.33%), had duration of stay between 2-3 years in the old age homes (80%, 66.66%) and did not have spouse residing in the same home (86.66%, 96.66%) in control and experimental group of old age people respectively. ❖ Most of them were females (56.66%, 56.66%), educated (60%, 60%), Hindus (60%, 66.66%), pensioners (70%, 60%) and belongs to nuclear family (50%, 56.66%) in control and experimental group of old age people respectively. ❖ Significant percentage of them have one child (33.33%, 40%), with monthly income between 2001-6000 (43.33%, 40%) in control and experimental group of old age people respectively. ❖ None of them had history of hospitalization within last five years (100%, 100%). All of them (100%, 100%) were non-smokers, non-alcoholics and uses only medical facilities for the treatment of any illness in control and experimental group of old age people respectively. ❖ Majority of them had moderate physical activity (80%, 66.66%) in control and experimental group of old age people. ❖ Significant percentage of them had diabetes mellitus (50%, 36.66%), with the duration of medical illness for 1-5years (63.33%, 40%) and practiced relaxation therapy before intervention (40%, 53.33%) in control and experimental group of old age people respectively. ❖ Majority of old age people in the control and experimental group had mild level of depression (76.66%, 73.33%) before Pranayama. However after pranayama it was normal (83.33%) and mild (16.66%) level of depression. Whereas in control group majority of old age people had mild (73.33%) and severe (26.66%) level of depression, before and after Pranayama. ❖ Majority of the old age people were highly satisfied (96.6%) with Pranayama and in aspects of related to researcher (93.4%) respectively. ❖ Mean and standard deviation of old age people before pranayama (M = 15.1, 16.4, SD = 5.2095, 4.309) between the control and experimental group is not significant (p> 0.05), whereas after pranayama there is significant difference in the mean and standard deviation (M =15.7, 7.0, SD = 3.0, 3.53) between the control and experimental group (p<0.001). It can be attributed to the effectiveness of pranayama on reducing depression. Hence the null hypothesis Ho1 was rejected. ❖ There was significant association between the level of depression and the demographic variable number of children (p<0.05) in control group of old age people. Null hypotheses (Ho2) with regard to association between the level of depression and demographic variable number of children was rejected. ❖ There was no significant association between the level of depression and other demographic variables (p>0.05) in control group of old age people. Null Hypotheses (Ho2) with regard to association between the level of depression and demographic variables such as age, gender, religion, educational status, type of family, marital status, monthly income was retained. ❖ There was significant association between the level of depression and the demographic variables such as gender and duration of stay in old age home (p<0.05) in experimental group of old age people. Null hypotheses (Ho2) with regard to association between the level of depression and demographic variables such as gender and duration of stay was rejected. ❖ There was no significant association between the level of depression and other demographic variables (p>0.05) in experimental group of old age people. Null Hypotheses (Ho2) with regard to association between the level of depression and demographic variables such as age, religion, educational status, type of family, marital status, monthly income was retained. ❖ There was a significant association between the level of depression and the clinical variable received any relaxation therapy before intervention (p<0.01) in control group of old age people. Null Hypotheses (Ho3) with regard to association between the level of depression and clinical variable received any relaxation therapy before intervention was rejected. ❖ There was no significant association between the level of depression and other clinical variables (p>0.05) in control group of old age people. Null Hypotheses (Ho3) with regard to association between the level of depression and clinical variables such as history of medical illness, duration of medical illness, history of taking medications, physical activity was retained. ❖ There was no significant association between the level of depression and the clinical variables (p<0.01) in experimental group of old age people. Null Hypothesis (Ho3) with regard to association between the level of depression and clinical variables such as any medical illness, duration of medical illness, history of taking medications for major illness, physical activity, received any relaxation therapy before was retained. ❖ The above finding reveals that Pranayama was effective to reduce the depression among old age people. RECOMMENDATIONS: ❖ The study can be conducted on a large sample to generalize the results. ❖ The study can be conducted in the other settings like the community and the hospitals. ❖ Longitudinal study can be conducted for long term effects of Pranayama on depression. ❖ A study can be conducted on quality of life among old age people. ❖ Study can be conducted to assess the various other psychological problems in old age people. ❖ Experimental study can be conducted with various preventive interventions on prevention of old age depression.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Effectiveness, Pranayama, Depression, Old Age People. |
| Subjects: | NURSING > Psychiatric Nursing |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Aug 2020 16:26 |
| Last Modified: | 30 Aug 2020 13:34 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/13086 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |
