Seenivasan, S (2011) Prevalence of HIV Infection in HIV Exposed Infants in Chennai. Masters thesis, Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai.
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Abstract
1. The prevalence of HIV infection among HIV exposed infants in Chennai is 4%. The prevalence was 0% among those babies on artificial feeds. The prevalence among breastfed infants was 6.7%. 2. The literacy rate of the mothers was 92% and all the 100 mothers were aware that they were HIV positive and there was a risk of mother to child transmission. 3. None of the babies born to mothers on ART was PCR positive even though the CD 4 count was < 200. The 4 PCR positive babies were born to mothers with CD 4 >350 and not on ART. 4. Most of the mothers (n=88), were in HIV clinical stage 1 or 2 and all the 4 positive babies were from this group. All those in stage 3 or 4 and on ART had no PCR positive baby. The prevalence of infection among babies born to mothers on ART irrespective of CD 4 count and HIV stage was 0%. 5. 71% of spouses were HIV positive. 13 mothers whose spouses were negative acquired the infection from HIV positive first husband who had expired. 6. 98% of the deliveries were institutional and all the institutional deliveries were given Nevirapine prophylaxis. 7. We did not find bleeding per vaginum as a risk factor for virus transmission in our study. However, prolonged rupture of membrane > 4 hours is a risk factor in our study. 8. We found the mothers need more counselling regarding the choice of feeding during antenatal visits and at delivery. 40% of mothers chose for replacement feeds from day 1 and none of baby was PCR positive from this group but positivity in breastfeeding group may not be attributed to breastfeeding alone. We couldnot see any major difference in the nutritional status or incidence of diarrhoea and respiratory infections among breastfed babies and those on replacement feeds. CONCLUSION: 1. The prevalence of HIV infection among HIV exposed infants in Chennai is 4 % with single dose nevirapine prophylaxis to mother and baby. 2. Maternal CD 4 count < 200/ mm3 or advanced HIV staging of mothers were not risk factors for MTCT if the mothers were on combination antiretroviral drugs. Similarly, transmission do occur from mothers of stage 1 or 2 and CD 4 >350 when they were not on ART. 3. PROM > 4 hours is a risk factor for MTCT of HIV. 4. Breastfeeding is a definite risk factor for MTCT. There was no significant difference in the nutritional status of babies on breastfeeds and replacement feeds.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Prevalence, HIV Infection, HIV Exposed Infants, Chennai. |
| Subjects: | MEDICAL > Paediatrics |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Jul 2020 07:10 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Jul 2020 07:10 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/12650 |
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