Uma Maheswari, R (2009) A Study of the Impact of Mass Drug Administration (Dec and Albendazole) on the Prevalence of Soil-Transmitted Helminths Among Children Aged 5–14 Years in a Rural Population. Masters thesis, Madras Medical College, Chennai.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Soil-transmitted helminths commonly known as intestinal worms are the Most common infections world wide affecting the most deprived countries. According To WHO estimate nearly a quarter of the world’s population harbour one or more Intestinal worms. Recent estimates indicate that approximately 1450 million have roundworm Infection, 1300 million have hookworm infection and 1050 million have whip worm Infection1. The economic burden caused by the hookworm, roundworm and Whipworm infection is high and estimated to cost 39.0 million Disability Adjusted Life Years. In 1993, the world bank reported that, within the global burden of disease list , soil-transmitted helminth infections ranked first among children aged 5-14 years ; 16.7 million DALYS were lost , which represents 11.3% of the total burden in this Age group. Using mathematical modelling, it has been estimated that 70% of the Total burden of diseases due to soil- transmitted helminthic infection can be Prevented in high prevalence communities by treating only school – age children. STH infections rarely cause death but chronic STH infections of school -age Children resulting from Ascaris, Trichuris and Hookworm negatively affect all Aspects of children’s health, nutrition, cognitive development, learning and Educational access and achievements. Regular de worming can cost effectively Reverse and prevent much of this morbidity. The availability of Diethyl carbamazine (DEC) and Albendazole (ALB), which have antihelmenthic and antifilarial Properties opens the possibility of controlling geohelminths in a Filariasis Elimination programme because of ancillary benefits of albendozole and the Resultant enhanced compliance of the population at risk. These properties opens the Possibility of integrating a geohelminth control programme with filariasis Elimination programme, where these nematodes occur concurrently. OBJECTIVES : 1. To estimate the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths among Children aged 5 – 14 years in rural population. 2. To assess the impact of mass drug administration (DEC and ALB) on The prevalence of above said Soil-transmitted helminths among the Same 5 – 14 years children. 3. To find out the possible associated risk factors for the transmission of Soil- transmitted helminths A. Socio demographic factors. B. Environmental factors C. Behavioral factors. JUSTIFICATION : 1. Developing countries are reported to be most affected with intestinal helminthic infection where significant population live in nutritionally compromised states. It is estimated that number of children (< 15 years old) infected with roundworm, hookworm and whip worm in the developing world are 478 millions, 280 millions and 347 millions respectively. 2. In India, it was estimated the number of cases in school age due to hookworm, round worm and whipworm were 59 millions, 50 millions and 36 millions and the prevalence were 30%, 25% and 18% respectively. In Tamilnadu, the prevalence of Ascaris, Trichuris and hookworm were 52.8%, 45.6% and 37.6% respectively in rural school-age children but in Urban population the prevalence of Ascaris and Trichuris were 0.5% and 2.01% respectively. Hookworm was not encountered in urban setting. 3. Intestinal helminthic infection have been neglected partly because great emphasis has been placed on survival, especially child survival and less on quality of life, health and productivity of those survive. The subject gains increased importance in school age children as it is a period of significant growth and development5 and in growing stage, children are susceptible to ill effects of parasitic infections as their need for nutrients are high6 and have less developed immune systems. Intestinal helminthic infections in this age group have been linked with significantly reduced growth and an increased risk for protein energy malnutrition including growth stunting, iron deficiency anaemia and reduced cognitive / psychomotor development. 4. The severe financial and logistic difficulties in eradicating poverty and instituting the community-wide programs to improve living conditions, Sanitation, water supplies and health education that help to prevent helminthic transmission in the long term poses great problem in most developing countries. Population based chemotherapy with broad spectrum antihelminthic is likely to be the only way to drastically reduce the prevalence and intensity of the soiltransmitted helminths. In light of these facts, this study was planned to ascertain the impact of DEC and ALBENDAZOLE on the prevalence of soiltransmitted helminthic infections which is given under NVBDCP for Filariasis elimination.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Mass Drug Administration ; Dec And Albendazole ; Soil-Transmitted Helminths ; Children Aged 5–14 Years ; Rural ; Population. |
| Subjects: | MEDICAL > Community Medicine |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Jul 2017 01:35 |
| Last Modified: | 07 Jul 2017 01:35 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/1042 |
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