Sandhya, R (2013) Effectiveness of Ice Compress Application Upon the Level of Pain among Patients with Chest Drainage. Masters thesis, Apollo College of Nursing, Chennai.
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Abstract
An Experimental Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Ice Compress Application upon the Level of Pain among Patients with Chest Drainage in Global Hospitals and Health City, Chennai. OBJECTIVES: 1. To assess the level of pain before and after ice compress application among the control and experimental group of patients with chest drainage. 2. To evaluate the effectiveness of ice compress by comparing the pre test and post test level of pain among the control and experimental group of patients with chest drainage. 3. To find out the association between selected demographic variables and the level of pain of control and the experimental group of patients with chest drainage before and after ice compress application. 4. To find out the association between the selected clinical variables and the level of pain of control and the experimental group of patients with chest drainage before and after ice compress application. 5. To determine the level of satisfaction among the experimental group of patients with chest drainage before and after ice compress application. The conceptual framework for the study was developed on the basis of King’s Goal Attainment Model, which was modified for the present study. An intensive review of literature and experts guidance laid the foundation to the development of tools such as demographic variable proforma, clinical variable proforma, and patient satisfaction rating scale. In this study, true experimental research design was adopted. The present study was conducted at Global Hospitals and Health City, Chennai among patients with chest drainage. The sample size for the present study was 60 patients with chest drainage, among which, 30 patients were assigned to control group and 30 patients to experimental group who satisfied the inclusion criteria. The investigator used the demographic and clinical variable proforma of patients to obtain the baseline data. Standardized Numerical rating pain assessment scale and Mc Gill pain questionnaire were used to assess the level of pain before and after ice compress application and rating scale to assess the level of satisfaction of patient about ice compress application. The data collection tools were validated and reliability was established. After the pilot study, the data collection of the main study was conducted for period of 4 weeks. The collected information was tabulated and analyzed by using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics. MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE STUDY: • Most of the patients were in the age group of 41-60 years (40%, 66.67%), were males (53.34%, 86.67%), living in urban region (63.34%, 66.67%), majority were moderate workers (93.34%, 76.67%), were non vegetarians(70%, 90%),most of them had no family history of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases (53.34%, 66.67%), in control and experimental group respectively. • Majority of the patients in the control and experimental group have undergone cardiac surgery (80%, 73.34%), with both pleural and anterior chest drains (50%, 73.34%) had chest drain for one to three days (90%, 83.34%), a significant percentage of patients were in BMI 20 – 25sq.m (40%, 40%) and all the patients were on oral NSAIDs (100%, 100%) respectively. Majority of them had no previous experience with chest drainage (96.67%, 90%), and most patients had co morbid illness (60%, 56.67%) in control and experimental group respectively. • Majority of patients in control group had severe level of pain in pre test as well as in post test (100%, 100%) respectively. In the experimental group almost everybody had severe level of pain in pre test (100%). However after ice compress application, majority of them had mild level of pain (90%) in experimental group of patients. • Majority of patients in control group had stabbing type of pain(33.34%, 30%), most of them had sharp and burning pain (23.34%, 23.34%) in pre test and post test respectively. In experimental group, majority of patients experienced sharp pain (46.67%, 46.67%), most of them had stabbing type of pain (30%, 20%) in pre test and post test respectively. • In control group the mean and standard deviation of level of pain measured using Numerical rating scale (M=9.13,7.06 & SD=0.62, 0.77) and Mc Gill pain questionnaire (M=3,2 & SD=0.17, 0.51) before and after chest drain removal, whereas in experimental group mean and standard deviation of level of pain measured using Numerical rating scale (M=9, 1.8 & SD=0.81, 1.11) and Mc Gill pain questionnaire (M=3, 0.1 & SD=0, 0.39) before and after administration of ice compress therapy. The difference was found to be statistically significant at p<0.001 and since‘t’ value is higher than the table value; ice compress application is effective in reducing patients pain during chest drainage removal. Hence the null hypothesis Ho2 was rejected. • Majority of the patients (93.33%) were highly satisfied with the approach of researcher, (90%) of patients were highly satisfied with the method of ice compress application and (93.33%) of patients were highly satisfied with the effectiveness of ice compress application. • There was no significant association between selected demographic variables namely age, educational status, marital status, type of diet, family history and level of pain in control and experimental group of patients. But there was a significant association between history of smoking and alcoholism (χ2 =4.80, df=1), (p<0.05) and the level of pain in experimental group of patients. Hence the null hypothesis Ho4 was partially rejected with regard to history of smoking and alcoholism. • There was no significant association between selected clinical variables like type and number of chest drain, BMI, previous experience of chest drainage, ambulation, and level of pain in control and experimental group of patients. But there was a significant association between those who had undergone cardiac surgeries (χ2 =5.48, df=1), (p<0.02) and the level of pain in experimental group of patients. Hence the null hypothesis Ho5 was partially rejected with regard to diagnosis of cardiac surgeries. RECOMMENDATIONS: 1. A similar study could be undertaken on larger scale for more valid generalization. 2. This study could be replicated in different settings. 3. The study could be conducted to compare different non pharmacological methods of pain management. 4. Pain management protocol with incorporated ice compress application can be made and put in to practice.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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| Additional Information: | 30116604 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Ice Compress Application ; Pain ; Patients ; Chest Drainage. |
| Subjects: | NURSING > Medical Surgical Nursing |
| Depositing User: | Subramani R |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Jan 2019 02:27 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Jan 2019 07:34 |
| URI: | http://repository-tnmgrmu.ac.in/id/eprint/10302 |
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